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随着晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者生存获益的提高，人们对于尽早干预NSCLC并积极接受治疗有了深刻的认识，肺癌的靶向治疗也逐渐受到临床医生和患者的关注。常见靶点EGFR的发现显著提高了NSCLC患者的生存率，同时开启了NSCLC的精准诊疗时代。近年来，MET、NTRK、ALK、HER2、BRAF、RET、KRAS等罕见靶点逐渐被人们发现并深入研究，针对罕见靶点的药物研发取得了令人满意的结果，为NSCLC罕见靶点突变患者带来新的治疗策略。本文着重探讨NSCLC的罕见靶点与药物治疗相关内容，旨在为NSCLC患者的个体化治疗提供参考依据。

With the improvement of survival benefit of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), early intervention and active treatment of NSCLC have been deeply mined.Moreover, targeted therapy for lung cancers has gradually attracted the attention of clinicians and patients.The discovery of the common target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has significantly improved the survival rate of NSCLC patients and opened the era of precise diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.In recent years, rare targets for NSCLC, such as mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET), neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF), rearranged during transfection (RET), Kirsten rat sarcoma virus oncogene (KRAS) have been gradually discovered and thoroughly studied.The research and development of drugs targeting rare targets has achieved satisfactory results, bringing new treatment strategies for NSCLC patients carrying rare target mutations.This article focused on the rare targets of NSCLC and drug therapy, aiming to provide a reference for the individualized treatment of NSCLC.