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全身麻醉作用机制是麻醉学领域的核心科学问题.因全身麻醉时与非快速眼动(NREM)睡眠具有相似的生理体征与脑电改变,诸多学者倾向于全身麻醉与自然睡眠共享部分机制,但存有争议.随着研究深入,人们逐渐认识到腹外侧视前区(VLPO)神经元及相关投射参与调控睡眠与全身麻醉,同时其内所包含的各类神经肽、星型胶质细胞等可能亦发挥着重要作用.文章重点阐述睡眠启动关键核团VLPO的神经元类型与相关投射、调控睡眠觉醒与全身麻醉神经机制的研究进展.

The mechanism of general anesthesia has long been regarded as a core scientific issue in the area of anesthesiology.Because of the similarity in the physiology signs and electroencephalogram patterns during general anesthesia and sleep,particularly the slow-wave sleep,or non-rapid eye movement(NREM)sleep,it has long been believed that general anesthesia may engage in the nat-ural sleep-wake regulation circuits and exert anesthetic effect by acting on the sleep-wake nucleus,but this opinion is controversial.It is gradually realized that neurons and associated projections of the ventrolateral preoptic area(VLPO)participate in the regulation of sleep and general anesthesia while various neuropeptides and astrocytes contained in VLPO may also play an important role in it.This review aims to summarize the research advances of the neuron types and associated projections of VLPO,which is the key nucleus nec-essary for sleep initiation.It also focuses on the neural mechanism of regulating sleep-awake and general anesthesia.