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角膜神经介质由角膜神经及其靶组织细胞分泌释放，可参与维持角膜正常的生理功能，并促进角膜的损伤修复。激光角膜屈光手术对角膜的切削在损伤角膜组织的同时，会导致术后角膜和泪液神经介质的表达水平发生变化，其中泪液P物质和血管活性肠肽的表达水平较术前升高，而泪液降钙素基因相关肽以及角膜和泪液中神经生长因子的变化趋势在目前研究的结论中并不一致。同时，不同手术方式对角膜和泪液神经介质表达水平有显著影响，且与术后角膜神经和眼表功能恢复紧密相关。 (国际眼科纵览，2024, 48：290－297)

Corneal neuromediators, which are released by corneal nerves and their interactions with target cells, play a crucial role in maintaining normal corneal physiological functions and facilitating the repair process of the cornea. Laser corneal refractive surgery, involving the ablation of the cornea, not only results in corneal tissue damage but also leads to changes in the expression levels of corneal and tear neuromediators postoperatively. Specifically, the expression levels of substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in tears are elevated compared to preoperative values, while the changes in the expression levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in tears and nerve growth factor (NGF) in both the cornea and tears have shown inconsistent results in current research. Additionally, the expression levels of corneal and tear neuromediators are significantly affected by the type of laser corneal refractive surgery and are closely associated with the postoperative recovery of corneal nerve and ocular surface function. ( Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2024, 48: 290-297)