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目前儿童实体瘤的治疗模式包括化疗、手术、移植和放疗等。尽管多学科治疗积极发展，但高危转移性和/或复发性恶性肿瘤患儿的长期预后仍面临艰巨挑战。双唾液酸神经节苷脂(GD2)是一种肿瘤相关抗原，是癌症免疫治疗的主要理想靶点之一。近年来，抗GD2单克隆抗体的免疫治疗方案逐渐应用于高危神经母细胞瘤、骨肉瘤、软组织肉瘤等儿童肿瘤的临床诊疗。现就GD2与儿童实体瘤的生物学关系及抗GD2免疫疗法的临床研究现状进行综述，为国内开展该疗法诊治各类儿童恶性实体瘤提供理论和实践依据。

Current treatment modalities for pediatric solid tumors include chemotherapy, surgery, transplantation, radiotherapy, etc.Despite the positive development of multidisciplinary treatment, the long-term prognosis of children with high-risk metastatic and/or recurrent malignant tumors remains challenging.Disialoganglioside (GD2), a tumor-associated antigen, is one of the main ideal targets for cancer immunotherapy.In recent years, immunotherapy with anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies has been gradually applied in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma and other pediatric tumors.This article reviews the biological relationship between GD2 and pediatric solid tumors and the clinical research status of anti-GD2 immunotherapy, to provide theoretical and practical evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of various pediatric malignant solid tumors in China.