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目的:调查慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者运动恐惧现状并探讨其运动恐惧的不同潜在分类及影响因素，为制订针对性干预措施提供理论依据。方法:采用便利抽样法选取2023年7—11月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院心内科住院治疗的300例CHF患者作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、慢性心力衰竭患者运动恐惧量表、心脏康复锻炼自我效能量表、家庭支持自评量表、多维度疲劳量表进行问卷的横断面调查。使用潜在剖面分析患者运动恐惧的潜在分型，采用无序多元Logistic回归评估不同分型的影响因素。结果:回收有效问卷278份，其中女96例，男182例，年龄以60～74岁居多，为114例占比41.0%。278例CHF患者运动恐惧得分为（34.78 ± 13.17）分，将患者分为3种潜在类别：低水平运动恐惧组（107例占38.5%）、中水平运动恐惧组（108例占38.8%）、高水平运动恐惧组（63例占22.7%）。无序多元Logistic回归分析显示，家庭支持水平（ OR = 2.520）、运动自我效能（ OR = 0.913）、疲劳（ OR = 1.065）是CHF患者中水平运动恐惧的影响因素（均 P<0.05），年龄、文化程度、患病病程、共存疾病数、家庭支持水平、运动自我效能及疲劳是CHF患者高水平运动恐惧的影响因素（ OR值为0.007 ~ 6.292，均 P<0.05）。 结论:CHF患者运动恐惧存在3个潜在类别，医护人员应根据患者不同类别特征制订针对性干预方案，以降低患者运动恐惧水平。

Objective:To investigate the current status of exercise fear in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and explore the different potential classifications and influencing factors of exercise fear, in order to provide theoretical basis for formulating targeted interventions.Methods:The subjects of this study were 278 patients with CHF treated in the Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2023 to November 2023 using convenience sampling method. A questionnaire survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, Fear of Activity in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure, Cardiac Exercise Self-Efficacy Instrument, Personal Support Scale From Family, and Multidimensional Fatigue Index-20. Latent profile analysis to identify potential subtypes of motor fear in patients, and unordered multiple logistic regression to evaluate the influencing factors of different subtypes were used.Results:Totally 278 valid questionnaires were collected, including 96 females and 182 males, with a majority aged between 60 and 74 years old, with 114 cases accounting for 41.0%. The 278 CHF patients had a fear of movement score of (34.78 ± 13.17) points were divided into three potential categories based on their fear of movement: low-level fear of movement group (107 cases, 38.5%), moderate fear of movement group (108 cases, 38.8%), and high-level fear of movement group (63 cases, 22.7%). Disordered multiple logistic regression analysis showed that family support level ( OR = 2.520), exercise self-efficacy ( OR = 0.913), and fatigue ( OR = 1.065) were significant influencing factors for high-level exercise fear in CHF patients (all P<0.05), while age, education level, disease course, number of coexisting diseases, family support level, exercise self-efficacy, and fatigue were significant influencing factors for high-level exercise fear in CHF patients ( OR values ranged from 0.007 to 6.292, all P<0.05). Conclusions:There are three potential categories of exercise fear in patients with CHF. Medical staff should develop targeted intervention plans based on the characteristics of different categories of patients to reduce their level of exercise fear.