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本文报道1例颅脑损伤后继发阵发性交感神经过度兴奋综合征（PSH）患者，经多种药物治疗后，症状控制较差，临床特征量表（CFS）达16分。给予星状神经节阻滞治疗（1%利多卡因注射液10 ml），每日1次，左右侧交替进行，8 d为1个疗程。PSH症状得到有效控制，CFS评分及血浆细胞因子白细胞介素-5（IL-5）、IL-6、IL-17表达均明显降低；疗程结束后1周，PSH症状完全消失。因此，星状神经节阻滞有助于重新平衡炎症因子和自主神经状态，为PSH的临床治疗提供新思路。

One patient, with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity syndrome (PSH) after craniocerebral injury, the clinical feature scale (CFS) 16 and the symptoms poorly controlled by multiple medication, received stellate ganglion block (SGB) (1% lidocaine injection 10 ml), once a day for 8 days, and both sides alternately SGB. The symptoms were effectively controlled, the CFS and the expression of plasma cytokines (IL-5, IL-6 and IL-17) were significantly decreased, and the symptoms of PSH disappeared completely 1 week after the treatment. SGB may help to rebalance inflammatory factors and autonomic nerve state, and may be a new idea for the treatment of PSH.