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乳腺癌发病率呈逐年上升趋势，化疗是延长年轻乳腺癌患者生存时间的有效治疗方式，同时也会对卵巢造成不可逆损害。近年来，越来越多的研究聚焦于促性腺激素释放激素激动剂（gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist，GnRH-a）用于保护乳腺癌化疗患者的卵巢功能，但研究结论尚有争议。本文从化疗对乳腺癌患者卵巢功能的影响，GnRH-a概述及保护卵巢功能机制，GnRH-a在乳腺癌患者化疗中卵巢功能保护的临床研究进展及相关问题4个方面进行阐述，以期为临床诊疗和相关研究提供思路。

The incidence of breast cancer is on the rise annually, and chemotherapy is potentially effective in prolonging the lifespan of young breast cancer patients which also irreversibly harm the ovaries. Recently, increasingly more studies have focused on the role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) for protecting ovarian function in patients undergoing chemotherapy with disputable findings. This review addresses four perspectives including the impact of chemotherapy on ovarian function, the introduction of GnRH-a and the possible mechanism of protecting ovarian function, the advances of clinical research on the ovarian protection by GnRH-a in chemotherapy for patients with breast cancer and other related issues, with the aim of providing thoughts for clinical diagnosis and associated research.