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糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是由持续高血糖状态导致的一种慢性进行性视网膜病变，已成为我国人群中重度视力损伤和盲的主要原因之一。然而，目前对于DR发生和发展的相关因素仍未完全明确。目前研究确认的部分环境污染物，如空气颗粒物、硫化氢、钴、镉、铯、邻苯二甲酸酯、甲基乙二醛和2-哌啶酮等，可能会通过氧化应激、炎症反应和血管内皮细胞生长因子的相关通路增加DR的发病风险或加速病程进展。为了明确环境污染物暴露与DR之间的因果关系和剂量－反应关系，仍需要进一步研究探索具体的发病机制，并进行对环境暴露量化测量的纵向研究。本文就包括空气污染、重金属污染和化学污染在内的环境污染物与DR相关的近期流行病学研究结果和病理生理机制进行综述。

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic progressive retinal disease caused by sustained hyperglycemia, which has become one of the leading causes of severe visual impairment and blindness in China.Nevertheless, factors that contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of DR remain unclear.Previous research has revealed that some environmental pollutants including particulate matter, H 2S, cobalt, cadmium, cesium, phthalic acid esters, methylglyoxal and 2-piperidone can potentially increase the risk or progression of DR through the related pathways of oxidative stress, inflammatory response and vascular endothelial growth factor.To clarify the causal and dose-response relationship between exposure to environmental pollutants and DR, further investigation is required to explore the detailed mechanisms.Moreover, longitudinal studies with quantified measurements of environmental exposures are also needed.This article reviews recent epidemiological research and the potential mechanisms of correlation between DR and air pollution, heavy metal pollution and chemical pollution.