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重症患者营养不良发生率高，容易导致感染、ICU获得性肌无力等不良预后，如何改善重症患者营养状况是目前一个重要难题。肠外营养（PN）是医学营养的重要组成部分，但目前如何针对重症患者实施合理规范的PN尚有较多争议。为进一步规范重症患者的PN策略，浙江省医学会重症医学分会召集重症医学领域专家，制定了《中国重症患者肠外营养治疗临床实践专家共识（2024）》。该共识基于GRADE证据质量分级标准，以问题为导向，从PN时机、适宜人群、营养方案及成分比例等多方面总结循证医学证据，为临床营养实践中PN的规范化和标准化实施提供专业建议。

Critical patients have a high incidence of malnutrition, which can lead to adverse outcomes such as infections and ICU-acquired weakness. Improving the nutritional status of critically ill patients is currently an important challenge. Parenteral nutrition (PN) is an important component of medical nutrition, but there is still much controversy over how to implement a reasonable and standardized PN for critically ill patients. To further standardize the PN strategy for critically ill patients, the Critical Care Medicine Branch of the Zhejiang Medical Association convened experts in the field of critical care medicine and formulated the Expert consensus on clinical practice of parenteral nutrition therapy for critically ill patients in China (2024). This consensus is based on the GRADE evidence quality grading standard, problem oriented, and summarizes evidence-based medicine evidence from multiple aspects such as PN timing, suitable population, nutritional plan, and ingredient ratio, providing professional suggestions for the standardization and implementation of PN in clinical nutrition practice.