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目的:研究2018—2022年包头市某钢铁企业的放射工作人员个人剂量水平，分析影响年剂量的主要因素，为提高用人单位放射防护水平和修订法规标准提供基础数据。方法:按照《职业性外照射个人监测规范》(GBZ 128-2019)要求，对2018—2022年包头市某钢铁企业接触电离辐射的工作人员进行职业性外照射个人监测，3个月为1个监测周期，连续监测4个周期，对监测的结果进行统计分析。结果:本次共调查该企业下属的10家用人单位放射工作人员1 360人，期间的年剂量范围为(0.500～0.844) mSv，人均年剂量算数均值为0.676 mSv。专职管理岗，如安全员和放射检测员等，人均年有效剂量为0.986 mSv，高于一线的轧钢工、司泵工、连铸工(0.698 mSv)，差异均具有统计学意义( Z＝56.89， P<0.001)。女性放射工作人员多接触射线装置，两者人均年有效剂量高于男性，后者多接触密封源，两者人均年有效剂量分别为0.821和0.691 mSv，差异有统计学意义( Z＝－5.53， P<0.001)。 结论:包头市某钢铁企业的放射工作人员人均年有效剂量满足国家标准要求。女性和一些岗位工人的年剂量相对偏高，应加强放射工作人员管理，提高工作场所辐射防护措施。

Objective:To study the levels of individual dose of radiation workers in a steel enterprise in Baotou City from 2018 to 2022, and analyze the main factors affecting the annual dose, and provide basic data for revising relevant standards.Methods:According to the requirements of occupational external exposure personal monitoring standards (GBZ 128-2019), the personal dose monitoring of workers working in a steel enterprise in Baotou City from 2018 to 2022 was carried out, three months for a period, continuous monitoring 4 periods, and the results were analyzed.Results:A total of 1 360 workers from 10 employers within the enterprise were surveyed. The annual doses were in the range of 0.500 - 0.844 mSv, with an average annual individual dose of 0.676 mSv. Especially, the average annual individulal effective dose to workers for safety management and inspection was 0.986 mSv, hiher than 0.698 mSv to rolling workers, pump operators, and continuous casters ( Z = 56.89, P < 0.001). Additionally, female worders working with the radiation generators had a higher average annual individual effective dose of 0.821 mSv, than 0.691 mSv to the male workers who were exposed to sealed sources possibly in many cases as needed, with a statistically significant difference ( Z =-5.53, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The average annual individual effective dose to radiation workers in an iron and steel enterprise in Baotou City meets the requirements of the relevent national standard. The annual dose of women and some workers is relatively high, so the management of radiation workers should be strengthened and the radiation protection measures in the workplace should be improved.