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目的:探讨高压氧联合跗骨窦入路治疗闭合性跟骨骨折的切口安全性、围手术期指标和治疗效果。方法:选取南部战区海军第二医院2019年9月至2022年3月收治的闭合性跟骨骨折患者83例作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组（ n=42）和对照组（ n=41）。观察组患者采用跗骨窦入路行骨折切开复位钢板螺钉内固定术，术后应用高压氧治疗；对照组患者采用扩大外侧入路行骨折切开复位钢板螺钉内固定术。比较2组患者的围手术期指标、复位情况及切口并发症发生率；术后1年，按照美国足踝外科协会踝-后足评分系统评价患者的足踝功能。 结果:2组患者的手术时间和骨折愈合时间差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05），观察组患者的手术时机和住院时间明显低于对照组（ P<0.01或 P<0.001）。术前、术后及骨折愈合时，2组患者的跟骨高度和Bohler角比较差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05）；术后及骨折愈合时2组患者的跟骨高度和Bohler角均大于术前（ P<0.05），但骨折愈合时跟骨高度均小于术后（ P<0.05），对照组患者骨折愈合时的Bohler角小于术后（ P<0.05）。观察组患者的切口并发症发生率明显低于对照组（ P<0.01）。术后1年复查，观察组患者的足踝功能优于对照组（ P<0.05）。 结论:高压氧联合跗骨窦入路治疗闭合性跟骨骨折能够很好地恢复跟骨外形和足踝功能，缩短患者的手术等待时间和住院时间，减少切口并发症发生率。

Objective:To investigate the safety of incisions，perioperative indexes，and effect of hyperbaric oxygen（HBO）therapy combined with sinus tarsi approach in treating the closed calcaneal fracture.Methods:A total of 83 patients with closed calcaneal fracture admitted to the Second Naval Hospital of the Southern Theater Command from September 2019 to March 2022 were selected as the study subjects，and they were randomly divided into observation group（42 cases）and control group（41 cases），according to the random number table method. The observation group was treated with open reduction and internal fixation with steel plates and screws through the sinus tarsi approach，followed by HBO therapy postoperatively. The control group was treated with open reduction and internal fixation with steel plates and screws through extensile lateral approach. Perioperative indicators，reduction ability，and incidence of incision-related complications were compared between the two groups. One year after operation，the patients’ ankle and hindfoot function was evaluated using the Ankle-Hindfoot Scale of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society（AOFAS）.Results:The differences in surgical duration and fracture healing time between the two groups were not statistically significant（ P>0.05）. However，the waiting timing for surgery and length of hospital stay in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（ P<0.01 or P<0.001）. The differences in the calcaneal height and Bohler angle between the two groups of patients were not statistically significant preoperatively，postoperatively，and upon fracture healed（ P>0.05）. Both calcaneal height and Bohler angle increased postoperatively and upon fracture healed compared with those before surgery，repectively（ P<0.05）. However，the calcaneal heights of both groups upon fracture healed were lower than those after surgery（ P<0.05）. The Bohler angle in the control group upon fracture healed was smaller than that after surgery（ P<0.05）. The incidence of incision-related complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（ P<0.01）. After 1-year follow-up，the patients in the observation group showed better foot and ankle function compared with the control gruop（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:HBO therapy combined with sinus tarsi approach for closed calcaneal fractures can effectively restore the shape of the calcaneus and improve ankle and hindfoot function，shorten patients’ waiting time for surgery and hospital stay，and reduce the incidence of incision-related complications.