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慢性阻塞性肺疾病（简称慢阻肺）常与其他疾病共存（合并症），尘肺病是其中一个重要的合并症。尘肺病与慢阻肺之间相互影响，表现在患病风险、疾病严重程度、急性加重风险与疾病进展程度、治疗药物及非药物治疗方案等。目前临床上普遍存在对慢阻肺合并症的认识不足，对于慢阻肺合并尘肺病患者缺乏明确的临床诊治指导。在循证证据和临床经验的基础上，撰写组提出5条推荐意见，以期提高不同级别医院尤其是基层医疗机构医务工作者对慢阻肺合并尘肺病患者的识别与管理。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often co-exists with other diseases (comorbidities), of which pneumoconiosis is an important one. The interaction between pneumoconiosis and COPD is manifested in the risk of disease, severity of disease, risk of acute exacerbation and the disease progression, and pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical treatment options. At present, there is a general lack of understanding of COPD complications in clinical practice, and there is a lack of clear clinical guidance for diagnosis and management of COPD patients with pneumoconiosis. Based on clinical evidence and experience, and the writing group puts forward five recommendations to improve the recognition and management of COPD patients with pneumoconiosis for medical professionals in hospitals at different levels, particularly in primary medical institutions.