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慢性阻塞性肺疾病（简称慢阻肺）当前治疗方法相对有限，无法满足所有患者的治疗需求。环核苷酸磷酸二酯酶3/4（cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases 3/4，PDE3/4）抑制剂的代表药物Ensifentrine（研发代号RPL554）在治疗慢阻肺方面不断取得进展，需及时总结归纳。本文围绕Ensifentrine的化学结构、药物代谢动力学、作用机制、有效性、安全性等方面，归纳总结临床研究进展，并提出临床方面的应用意见和研究展望。

Current treatments for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are relatively limited and cannot meet the needs of all patients. Ensifentrine (development code RPL554), a representative drug of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 3/4 (PDE 3/4) inhibitors, has shown promising developments in the treatment of COPD in recent years, which need to be summarized. This article reviews the mechanism and clinical research progress of ensifentrine, focusing on its chemical structure, pharmacokinetics, pathophysiological mechanism, efficacy, and safety. Additionally, we provide clinical application suggestions and future research prospects.