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鹦鹉热是一种由鹦鹉热衣原体（ Chlamydia psittaci，Cps）引起的人畜共患病，主要通过接触鸟类和禽类传播给人类。据统计，Cps占总体社区获得性肺炎（community acquired pneumonia，CAP）病例的1%，在我国重症CAP患者中检出率约8.0%，然而由于其临床症状与许多呼吸系统感染性疾病相似，缺乏特异性，导致该病常发生误诊和漏诊。此外，尽管Cps感染患者总体病死率约1%，但未及时治疗的重症患者病死率可达15%~20%。目前，对于鹦鹉热的诊断和治疗尚缺乏相关共识。为了规范鹦鹉热的诊疗方法，帮助临床医师做出合理决策，本专家组根据我国鹦鹉热诊疗实际情况及专家临床实践经验，参考国内外最新研究数据、相关指南和文献，制订了本共识。该共识全面介绍了鹦鹉热的病原学、流行病学、临床表现、诊断与鉴别诊断、治疗和预防措施，旨在为临床医师和实验室病原学诊断人员提供参考。

Psittacosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Chlamydia psittaci（Cps），primarily transmitted to humans through contact with birds and poultry. It is estimated that psittacosis accounts for nearly 1% of the community acquired pneumonia（CAP）cases，and for 8.0% of severe CAP patients in China. Nevertheless，psittacosis is usually misdiagnosed due to its nonspecific symptoms. In addition，despite its relatively low fatality rate（1%），the fatality may reach to 15%-20% for severe psittacosis patients who are not treated timely. Currently，there is a lack of consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of psittacosis. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment methods of psittacosis and assist clinicians in making informed decisions，the expert panel has formulated a consensus based on the actual situation of psittacosis diagnosis and treatment in China，as well as the clinical experience of experts，by referring to the latest research data，relevant guidelines，and literature both domestically and internationally. This consensus presents a comprehensive introduction on the etiology，epidemiology，clinical manifestations，diagnosis and differential diagnosis，treatment and preventive measures of psittacosis，and aims to provide reference for clinicians and laboratory professionals.