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草酸钙结石是肾结石最主要的类型。草酸钙晶体或高草酸尿诱导的肾小管上皮细胞损伤和程序性死亡是草酸钙结石形成的关键因素。肾小管上皮细胞程序性死亡可为草酸钙晶体提供附着位点、参与构成结石成分和加剧周边组织损伤。多种细胞程序性死亡模式可同时参与损伤过程，调节其中串联点，有望达到多层级调控。本文就肾小管上皮细胞程序性死亡与草酸钙结石形成机制间的联系，以及不同的程序性死亡模式参与草酸钙结石发病机制的相关研究进行总结和探讨。

Calcium oxalate stones are the most common type of kidney stones in China. The injury and death of renal tubular epithelial cells induced by hyperoxaluria or calcium oxalate crystals are the key factors in the formation of calcium oxalate stones. Renal tubular epithelial cell death can provide attachment sites for calcium oxalate crystals, being part of the composition of stones and aggravate tissue damage. Multiple cell programmed death patterns can participate in cell injury and regulate the intersection to achieve multi-level regulation. This article summarized and discussed the relationship between renal tubular epithelial cell programmed death and the mechanism of calcium oxalate stone formation, and the related research of different programmed cell death patterns involved in the pathogenesis of calcium oxalate stones in recent years.