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多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是育龄女性中常见的内分泌生殖异常疾病，病因不明，发病机制复杂，目前以对症治疗为主。PCOS患者多数合并肥胖，肥胖及其引发的病理生理改变在PCOS的发生发展中扮演重要角色。有研究显示，经过生活方式干预或代谢手术等治疗后，患者的PCOS样表现可以部分或全部消失。另外，基于表观遗传学等致病机制的新治疗手段也在动物模型上有类似效果。PCOS，尤其是肥胖型PCOS，是否真的可以通过控制肥胖实现疾病逆转是一个值得探讨的科学问题。

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a common endocrine and reproductive disorder in women of childbearing age. The etiology and the pathogenesis of PCOS are complex and not fully understood, making symptom managementas the primary treatment approach. Obesity is prevalent among PCOS patients, and its pathophysiological alterations significantly contribute to the onset and progression of PCOS. Research has shown that treatments such as lifestyle interventions or metabolic surgery can partially or completely alleviate PCOS-like symptoms. Additionally, new treatments targeting pathogenic mechanisms, including epigenetics, have demonstrated similar effects in animal models. Whether PCOS, particularly the obese type, can be reversed through obesity control remains an important scientific question.