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急性缺血性脑卒中最有效的紧急治疗手段是早期开通闭塞血管，包括静脉溶栓和动脉血管内治疗。但这两种方式最初的时间窗都较窄，能真正受益的患者有限。近年来随着神经影像技术如CT灌注成像、MRI的优化，以及高级影像分析软件的开发及其在临床研究中的逐步应用，使得这两种方式的时间窗都已明显延长，从而有更多患者获益。本文现围绕急性缺血性脑卒中血管开通治疗时间窗的演变过程以及将来的发展方向，尤其是超时间窗研究的最新进展进行综述，以期为临床工作提供一些参考。

The most effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke is early recanalization of the occlusive vessels, including intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy. But the time window is narrow and limited patients can actually benefit from these therapies. In recent years, with the development of neuroimaging techniques such as CT perfusion and MRI, as well as advanced image analysis software applicated in clinical research, the time window of these two methods has been significantly extended. This article reviews the evolution and future development of the time window for early recanalization of the occlusive vessels in acute ischemic stroke, especially the extended time window, in order to provide some references for clinical work.