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β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）沉积是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的核心事件，但临床发现部分人群脑内存在Aβ沉积甚至出现AD相关神经病理改变却无明显认知功能障碍，表明其体内存在避免或应对Aβ损伤的因素，这一现象称为Aβ耐受。本文拟从复原力、储备力等概念出发，梳理Aβ耐受的流行病学及量化方式、大脑特征、影响因素，以期进一步提高临床医生在AD诊疗过程中对Aβ耐受现象的认识，从而为该病的防治提供新思路。

Beta-amyloid (Aβ) is considered to be a central event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it has been found that some population have Aβ deposition in the brain and even AD related pathology without obvious cognitive impairment, which indicates that there are factors in the body to avoid or cope with Aβ damage, and this phenomenon is called Aβ tolerance. Starting from the concepts of resilience and reserve, this paper intends to sort out the epidemiology and quantitative methods, brain characteristics and influencing factors of Aβ tolerance, in order to further deepen clinicians' understanding of Aβ tolerance in AD diagnosis and treatment, so as to provide new ideas for prevention and treatment of the disease.