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脑电图检查为一种便捷、非侵入性技术，对脑功能异常高度敏感，目前已广泛应用于癫痫等多种神经系统疾病的诊疗过程中，在脑卒中领域的应用研究也有数十年历史。近年来，随着相关研究的不断深入和人工智能技术的快速发展，脑电图检查在脑卒中的早期诊断、病情监测和预后评估方面展现出新的潜力和价值。本文现围绕近5年来脑电图检查在脑卒中诊断和病情评估、疗效评估及预后评估中的应用研究进展进行综述，并展望其在未来脑卒中管理中的潜在应用价值，以期为提高脑卒中的诊断准确性、优化治疗方案和改善患者预后提供参考依据。

Electroencephalography (EEG), as a convenient and non-invasive technique, is highly sensitive to brain function abnormalities and has been widely applied in the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy and other neurological diseases (applied research in stroke field has a history of decades). In recent years, with the deepening of related research and rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, EEG has shown new potential in early diagnosis, disease monitoring and prognosis assessment of stroke. This review discusses the recent advance in EEG in evaluating the diagnosis, therapeutic efficacy, and prognoses of stroke in the last 5 years, so as to provide references for improving the diagnosies, treatments and prognoses of stroke patients.