检索历史 清除

心脏移植是治疗终末期心力衰竭患者最有效措施，但供心缺乏仍然是制约心脏移植发展的严重障碍。近年，随着基因编辑技术的进步，移植界在异种心脏移植领域已经取得了很多重要的进展，这可能是解决供心短缺问题的有效途径。特别是近期，美国马里兰大学医学中心成功地完成了世界首例基因编辑猪到人心脏移植手术，这极大地鼓舞了科研工作者。本文拟从异种心脏移植免疫排斥、生物安全、种间适配、社会伦理以及医疗预算等多方面探讨异种心脏移植临床试验的前景及面临的挑战。

Heart transplantation is considered standard treatment methods for end-stage heart failure, but the lack of donor heart sources seriously restricts the development of heart transplantation. In recent years, owing to the improvement of gene-editing technology, a lot of progress has been made in the preclinical investigation of xenografts, which may be a feasible solution to alleviate the shortage of donor hearts. In particular, researchers have been encouraged by the recent success of the world’s first gene-edited pig-to-human heart transplant at the University of Maryland Medical Center. The author of this paper summarizes development and special problems, from cardiac xenotransplantation immune rejection, biological safety, interspecies adaptation, social ethics and health budget, and discusses the prospect of cardiac xenotransplantation clinical trials and challenges, which can expect the future cardiac xenotransplantation into clinical success.