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小肠神经内分泌肿瘤是一类起源于神经内分泌细胞且具有神经内分泌功能的肿瘤，临床表现无特异性，诊断时大多已属于晚期，治疗手段缺乏。2019年世界卫生组织更新了神经内分泌肿瘤的分类。近年来液体活组织检查、胰抑素、生长抑素受体功能显像等为早期诊断和监测预后提供了一种新的可能；治疗方面靶向药物哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白抑制剂依维莫司、色氨酸羟化酶抑制剂特罗司他乙酯以及酪氨酸激酶抑制剂索凡替尼的研究，为改善小肠神经内分泌肿瘤患者临床症状及延长患者生存时间带来新的突破。文章对小肠神经内分泌肿瘤的研究现状及最新进展进行综述。

Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor is a kind of tumor arising from neuroendocrine cells and with neuroendocrine function. Because of non-specific clinical manifestations, these patients are often diagnosed at advanced stage and the treatment method is lacking. In 2019, World Health Organization updated the classification of neuroendocrine tumor. In recent years, liquid biopsy, pancreastatin, somatostatin receptor function imaging provide a new possibility for early diagnosis and monitoring prognosis. The mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor everolimus, the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor telotristat ethyl and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor surufatinib bring a new breakthrough to improve the clinical symptoms and prolong the survival time of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor. This paper reviews the current situation and the latest research progress of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor.