Abstract： Rectal cancer(RC)is a common digestive system malignant tumor,which increases yearly with lifestyle changes and population aging,and it has become one of the major diseases that seriously threatens human life and health.Clinically,due to the occurrence of RC most in middle and low position,a comprehensive treatment based on surgery is often used.With the continuous development of medical level and the gradual improvement of medical concept,it is believed that the treatment of rectal cancer patients should not only achieve the purpose of radical cure,but also ensure as far as possible normal function of the anal and genitourinary system.Based on this,laparoscopic anus-preserving surgery has emerged,especially for low advanced RC,including local excision,anterior resection,and anterior resection combined with anal sphincter resection.With the great efforts made by surgical healthcare providers,a modified new technology is expected in the future to treat low rectal cancer and improve the postoperative anal function and quality of life.