Abstract： Objective To analyze the characteristics and distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF)based on the diagnostic criteria for basic syndrome elements of HFpEF.Methods 300 eligible patients with HFpEF were included.The information required for diagnosis of syndrome and related clinical data were collected.The frequency distribution of single syndrome element and syndrome element combination were counted,and the classification of main syndrome types was discussed by two-step cluster analysis.Results(1)The occurrence frequency of single syndrome element in 300 HFpEF patients was as follows:qi deficiency(97.0%),blood stasis(92.7%),fluid retention(79.7%),phlegm(55.0%),yin deficiency(44.7%)and yang deficiency(36.3%).(2)The patients with 4 syndrome elements and 5 syndrome elements were the most,accounting for 39.0%and 30.3%respectively.(3)The excess syndrome,deficiency syndrome and combination of both were respectively accounted for 3.0%,3.0%and 94.0%.(4)There were 15 combinations of syndrome elements in 300 patients,which could be divided into 8 categories by two-step cluster analysis and each category of patients had qi deficiency and blood stasis.Conclusion Qi deficiency,blood stasis and fluid retention are the critical pathogenesis of HFpEF.Qi de-ficiency is the initial factor,and deficient qi combined blood stasis is the basic syndrome of HFpEF.The TCM syndrome types of HFpEF can be divided into deficient qi combined blood stasis,deficient qi and yin combined blood stasis,deficient qi and yang combined blood stasis and deficient yin and yang combined blood stasis.