Abstract： Objective To observe the clinical changes of retinal sensitivity in patients with idiopathic macular hole undergoing vitreous surgery and its correlation with macular microstructure.Methods A retrospective cases-control study.32 patients(32 eyes)with idiopathic macular hole were included in this study.All the patients were divided into two groups depending on the type of surgery.TheA group underwent vitrectomy combined with tamping inner limiting mem-brane.The Bgroup underwent vitrectomy combined with reversing to cover inner limiting membrane.The main observation items include central retinal sensitivity(0°～5°),peripheral retinal sensitivity(5°～10°),other observational indicators include:best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)(LogMAR),superficial retinal blood density,deep retinal blood density and subfoveal choroidal thickness.The difference of each observation index between the two groups was compared,and the correlation between retinal sensitivity and retinal blood flow density,choroid thickness was analyzed.Results The BCVA was significantly improved in all patients.Central retinal sensitivity improved significantly at 1 and 3 months after the sur-gery,the blood flow density of superficial,deep retina and the subfoveal choroid thickness increased significantly at 1 month after the surgery,there was a significant correlation between the changes in central retinal sensitivity and the changes of superficial,deep retinal blood flow density in both groups.Conclusions Central retinal sensitivity in macular has been improved significantly in the early postoperative period after vitreous surgery for idiopathic macular hole.There was a significant correlation between the change of central retinal sensitivity and the change of retinal blood flow density.