Abstract： Objective To analyse the correlation between early postoperative vault and preoperative anterior seg-ment parameters in myopic patients who underwent implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation in lensed eyes.Methods A retrospective case study was undertaken to collect medical records of 696 eyes of 388 patients who underwent ICL im-plantation between July 2021 and October 2022.And postoperative follow-up extended to one week.The vault was mea-sured using Pentacam.The study elucidated the correlation between the vault during the early postoperative phase and the preoperative white-to-white distance(WTW),mean sulcus-to-sulcus distance(STS),iridocorneal angle to iridocorneal angle measurement(ATA),anterior chamber depth(ACD),spherical equivalent(SE),axial length(AL),lens thickness(LT),crystalline lens rise(CLR),and the distance between the STS plant and the anterior crystalline lens surface(STSL).The derivation of a predictive linear regression equation for vault was achieved through stepwise multiple linear regression analysis.Results The uncorrected visual acuity at 1week post-ICL implantation demonstrated a marked improvement from the preoperative level of 1.00(1.00,1.22)logMAR to the postoperative of-0.08(-0.08,0)logMAR(Z=-22.892,P<0.001).The vault at 1week postoperatively exhibited positive correlation with WTW(r=0.229,P<0.001),ACD(r=0.296,P<0.001),STS(r=0.163,P<0.001),AL(r=0.079,P<0.05),ICLdimensions(r=0.210,P<0.001),while manifesting negatively correlated with STSL(r=-0.163,P<0.001),CLR(r=-0.203,P<0.001),and LT(r=-0.292,P<0.001).No sig-nificant correlations were discerned with preoperative SE or ATA(P>0.05).Linear regression analysis revealed that the de-terminants influencing early vault post-ICL implantation were ACD,STSL,LT,and ICL size.The derived linear regression equation is expressed as follows:vault=-209.742+116.764×(ACD)-114.234×(STSL)-106.168×(LT)+58.156×ICL dimen-sions(R2=0.130).Conclusions The vault at 1week post-ICL implantation positively correlated with WTW,ACD,STS,AL,and ICL dimensions,while negatively correlated with STSL,CLR,and LT.Then ACD,STSL,LT,and ICL dimen-sions were identified as key factors influencing and predicting postoperative vault.