Abstract： Objective To analyze the influencing factors of neoadjuvant radiotherapy sensitivity in patients with rectal cancer.Methods A total of 60 patients with rectal cancer underwent neoadjuvant radiotherapy were enrolled.According to radio-therapy sensitivity by rectal cancer regression grading(RCRG),patients were divided into sensitivity group(n=28)and non-sen-sitivity group(n=32).The differences in expression intensity of special AT rich sequence binding protein(SATB1)and clinico-pathological characteristics were compared between the 2 groups.The independent risk factors of neoadjuvant radiotherapy non-sensitivity in rectal cancer were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results There was no significant difference in age,gen-ders,nerve invasion or tumor staging between the 2 groups(P＞0.05),but there were significant differences in tumor differentia-tion degree,depth of tumor invasion,lymph node metastasis,diameter of tumor invasion lumen and expression intensity of SATB1 between the 2 groups(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that high expression of SATB1 and lymph node metastasis were independent influencing factors of neoadjuvant radiotherapy non-sensitivity in rectal cancer(P＜0.05).Conclusion There are differences in tumor differentiation degree,tumor invasion degree,lymph node metastasis,diameter of tumor invasion lumen and expression intensity of SATB1 in rectal cancer patients with different neoadjuvant radiotherapy sensitivity.High expression of SATB1 and lymph node metastasis are independent influencing factors of neoadjuvant radiotherapy non-sensitivity in rectal cance.