Abstract： Objective: to understand the infection related factors in patients with indwelling urinary catheter. Methods: integrated expert opinion and referring to the domestic and foreign literature, design " in hospitalized patients with indwelling catheter investigation questionnaire ". A random selection of 104 cases patients with indwelling catheter. Observation of indwelling catheter in patients after urinary tract infection and analysis of factors related to infection. Results: the strict aseptic manipulation can occur in urinary tract infection, catheter longer prone to urinary tract infections, not standard broad-spectrum antibiotic use can cause dysbacteriosis is easy to cause urinary tract infection. Conclusion: the nursing staff should be strictly controlled; indication of urethral catheterization and strict aseptic operation, shorten indwelling time, reasonable use of antibiotics can reduce the rate of urinary tract infection.