Abstract： OBJECTIVE To investigate the status and change trend of iron deficiency anemia in infants and preschool children under 5 years of age in Weifang,provide index data for rational dietary actions,and provide evidence for intervention and management of health influencing factors.METHODS The anaemia status of 407 infants and preschool children under 5 years old was analyzed by anvariance analysis and Chi-square test according to the physical examination data collected by simple random sampling in maternal and child health institutions in urban areas in 2023.RESULTS In 2023,the total number of anemia in infants and preschool children under 5 years old was 57,and the total anemia rate was 13.97%.Among them,37 were males,the anemia rate was 16.37%.There were 20 females,the anaemia rate was 11.05%.There were 4 patients aged from 28 days to<6 months,and the anemia rate was 4.44%.There were 44 patients aged between 6 months and 2 years old,the anemia rate was 24.18%.There were 9 patients between 2 and 5 years old,and the anemia rate was 6.67%.CONCLUSION The anemia rate of infants and preschool children under 0 to 5 years old has not reached the recommended requirements of National Nutrition Plan(2017-2030).It is recommended that children should strengthen physical monitoring,families should pay attention to scientific feeding,and society should improve the capacity of public nutrition service.