Abstract： OBJECTIVE To investigate the predictive value of serum ferritin(SF)and transferrin(TF)combined with 25-hy-droxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]in infants and children with iron deficiency anemia.METHODS 60 cases of infants and children with iron-deficiency anemia were selected from October 2020 to September 2023 in Luchaogang community,and 240 cases of infants and children with non-iron-deficiency anemia were selected as the non-iron-deficiency anemia group according to the case-control ratio of 1∶4 with comparable characteristics.In addition,100 children were selected as the control group for the same period of health checkup.Clinical data of the three groups of children were collected and serum SF,TF and 25(OH)D levels were measured.RE-SULTS The SF,25(OH)D,indexes of infants and children in the non-iron deficiency anemia group and the iron deficiency ane-mia group were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group(Z/F=296.290,408.959,1 008.023,P＜0.05);the TF in-dexes of the children in the iron deficiency anemia group were higher than those of the children in the non-iron deficiency anemia group and the healthy control group(P＜0.05);SF,25(OH)D,and TF indexes were the risk factors for the children with iron defi-ciency anemia(P＜0.05);the ROC curve SF,25(OH)D,and TF indexes as the test variables were made to determine whether or not the anemic children were iron deficiency anemia as the reference standard;using SF,25(OH)D,and TF indicators as test vari-ables,and whether the anemic children were iron deficient as reference criteria,the AUC of SF,25(OH)D,and TF were 0.613,0.713,and 0.628,respectively,and the AUC of the joint predictive probability of the three indicators was 0.848,which was signifi-cantly higher compared to each indicator.CONCLUSION The combination of SF,25(OH)D,and TF indexes has high value for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in infants and children,and improves the reference for clinical diagnosis and prognosis.