Abstract： OBJECTIVE To understand the myopia of children and adolescents in Xiegang Town,and to explore the effects of eye behavior,eye environment and genetic factors on myopia,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention of myopia.METHODS A total of 6 595 students from grade 2 to grade 5,Grade 7 and Grade 8 in the town were screened for far vision and diopter by the whole survey method.At the same time,a cluster sampling method was adopted to select a total of 388 students with screening myopia from a private and a public school to carry out a questionnaire survey to investigate the influencing factors of screening myopia.Single factor and multiple factor Logistic regression model were used to screen the related factors affecting children and adolescents vision.RESULTS Among the 6 595 students,3 266 students with impaired visual acuity were detected,the detection rate of impaired visual acuity was 49.52%,among which the detection rates of mild,moderate and severe impaired visual acuity were 10.25%,17.27%and 22.00%,respectively.Doing eye exercises at least twice a day(incorrect eye exercises may damage students'vision),participating in extracurricular tutoring classes(frequent use of eyes for learning may damage vision),using mobile electronic devices every day in the past week(frequent use of electronic devices may damage vision),and one parent experiencing myopia(possibly due to genetic inheritance)can all contribute to an increase in the rate of visual impairment.CONCLUSION Outdoor activities,proper eye exercises,use of electronic products,participation in extracurricular tutoring classes,and one or both parents experiencing myopia are important factors affecting myopia in children and adolescents.Parents,schools,and society should work together to create conditions for students to develop good eye habits and protect their eyes.