Abstract： Objective:To analyze the effect of Fuyuan Fuheng Decoction combined with chemotherapy with pemetrexed on physical status, tumor markers, and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with advanced lung cancer.Methods:This study was a retrospective randomized controlled study, a total of 100 patients with advanced lung cancer were selected from the department of Breast Cancer Surgery in Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to December 2023, including 58 males and 42 females, aged (59.61±7.08) years old, the age ranging from 25 to 79 years old.The patients were randomly divided into pemetrexed group and Fuyuan Fuheng Decoction group, with 50 cases in each group.The two groups were compared in terms of therapeutic effects, physical condition [Kanofsky performance score (KPS)], tumor markers [carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and carcinoembryonic antigen], and the incidence of adverse reactions.The patients were followed up for a year and the PFS of the two groups was compared.Results:The disease control rate of Fuyuan Fuheng Decoction group [94.0% (47/50)] was higher than that of pemetrexed group [78.0% (39/50)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05).After treatment, KPS of Fuyuan Fuheng Decoction group [(71.38±4.12) points] was higher than that of pemetrexed group [(67.35±4.38) points], the levels of CA125 [(42.17±4.59) U/ml] and carcinoembryonic antigen [(20.53±2.14) U/ml] were lower than those in pemetrexed group [(50.66±5.02) U/ml and (29.30±3.04) U/ml], and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in Fuyuan Fuheng Decoction group [10.0% (5/50)] was lower than that in pemetrexed group [26.0% (13/50)], and PFS [(7.85±1.23) months] was better than that of pemetrexed group [(6.07±0.95) months], and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Applying Fuyuan Fuheng Decoction in pemetrexed chemotherapy for advanced lung cancer can improve the symptoms, physical status and tumor marker levels of patients, reduce adverse reactions and prolong PFS.