Abstract： Objective:To assess the implementation effectiveness of the leprosy prevention and control pro-ject of basic public health service in Wenshan Prefecture.Methods:We analyzed the epidemiological charac-teristics of leprosy patients from 2000 to 2023,contrasting the initial 12-year period(2000-2011)with the subsequent 12 years(2012-2023)using the χ2 test.Results:Compared to the period of 2000-2011,there was a significant decrease in the average detection rate,average prevalence rate,and grade 2 deformity ratio from 2012 to 2023(Ps<0.05),and there was a notable increase of multibacterial type rate in new cases of leprosy(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prevention and control of leprosy of fundamental public health services facilitate early detection of leprosy patients and reduced the incidence of grade 2 deformities.