Abstract： The traditional concept of gastrointestinal tumor surgery is based on the principle of D1～D2,or expanding to D3 lymph node dissection to achieve complete tumor removal.With the breakthrough of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal tumors,it has been revealed that regional lymph nodes are the place where T lymphocytes mature and are exported from,which may play an important role in immunotherapy.Recent studies have found that keeping lymph nodes intact until the end of immunotherapy can improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in solid tumors.Therefore,precise removal of metastatic lymph nodes and preserving immune lymph nodes are beneficial to immunotherapy.Re-understanding the implication of regional lymph node dissection in the context of immunotherapy will provide a new direction for precise lymph node dissection and comprehensive treatment in gastrointestinal tumor surgery.