Abstract： Objective:To explore the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy（HBOT）on thyroid hormone and blood lipid levels in patients with chronic consciousness disorders.Method:A total of 20 patients with chronic consciousness disorders and decreased thyroid hormone levels admitted to the PLA General Hospital of the Southern Theater Command from September 2021 to July 2023 were selected as the research subjects. According to whether HBOT was administered，they were divided into control group（ n=10）and HBOT group（ n=10）. The levels of triiodothyronine（T3），thyroxine（T4），free triiodothyronine（FT3），free thyroxine（FT4），thyroid-stimulating hormone（TSH），triglycerides（TG），total cholesterol（TC），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C），apolipoprotein A1（ApoAI），and apolipoprotein B（ApoB）were compared between the two groups before and after treatment at different time points. Results:Compared with their respective pre-treatment levels，both groups showed no statistically significant difference in the levels of T3，T4，FT3，FT4，and TSH after treatment. Additionally，there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of T3，T4，FT3，FT4，and TSH between the two groups at different time points（ P>0.05）. Compared with their respetive pre-treatment levels，both groups showed no statistically significant difference in the levels of LDL-C，HDL-C，and ApoAI after treatment（ P>0.05）. However，in the HBOT group，the levels of TG，TC，and ApoB significantly decreased（ P<0.05 or P<0.01）. When being compared with the control group after three months of treatment，the patients in the HBOT group showed significant decreases in TG，TC，LDL-C，and ApoB levels（ P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Conclusion:HBOT can regulate lipid metabolism in patients with chronic consciousness disorders and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis，thus protecting the cardiovascular system. However，it cannot effectively regulate their thyroid hormone levels.