Abstract： Currently, the incidence of stroke is steadily increasing, and the patient population is gradually becoming younger. The resulting language impairments not only affect communication between patients and others, but also hinder the patient's understanding of recovery instructions due to decreased comprehension, speech difficulties, and emotional depression, making it challenging to cooperate with rehabilitation training. This, in turn, affects the overall prognosis of the patient. Theta burst stimulation (TBS), as an emerging transcranial magnetic stimulation modality, aids in the recovery of language abilities in post-stroke aphasia patients, but the treatment protocols vary widely. This article provides a comprehensive review of the principles of TBS, the basic characteristics of different stimulation modes (such as intermittent and continuous TBS), the mechanisms for improving aphasia, and different stimulation plans for treating aphasia. It also discusses the limitations of current domestic and international research on TBS treatment for aphasia, aiming to provide new clinical references and insights for the rehabilitation treatment of post-stroke aphasia.