Abstract： Objective:To study the mechanism of volatile oil of CHUANXIONG RHIZOMA(VOLCX)in preventing arterial thrombosis.Methods:Male SD rats were applied with ferric chloride(FeCl3)on carotid artery combined with intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide to explore the interaction between endothelial cells injury and inflammation in thrombosis.On this basis,the preventive effect of VOLCX on the model was evaluated.Electrical stimulation was used to induce thrombosis in the common carotid artery of rats,and carrageenan was used to induce tail thrombosis in mice,in order to further explore the mechanism of VOLCX on platelet aggregation in vitro.Results:Intraperitoneal injection of LPS significantly enhanced common carotid artery thrombosis induced by FeCl3.The optimal dosage of LPS was 3 mg/kg and the concentration of FeCl3 was 9％.Compared with control group,the thrombosis in common carotid artery of rats was significantly improved by LPS combined with FeCl3 application(P＜0.05),the activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)was prolonged(P＜0.01),and the fibrino-gen(FIB)concentration was increased(P＜0.01).Compared with model group,VOLCX significantly improved blood flow(P＜0.0),reduced the mass and length of thrombus(P＜0.01),significantly decreased the serum malondialdehyde level,increased the serum nitric oxide level(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),shorten the APTT,prolonged thrombin time(TT)(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and decreased the FIB concentration(P＜0.05).The electrical stimulation-induced common carotid artery thrombosis time was significantly prolonged(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the carrageenan-induced thrombosis in mice tail was significantly inhibited(P＜0.01).Arachidonic acid(AA)-and ADP-induced platelet ag-gregation was significantly inhibited(P＜0.01).Conclusion:Vascular endothelial cell dysfunction and inflammation have a synergistic en-hancement effect on the arterial thrombosis.VOLCX exerts anti-thrombotic effect on common carotid artery thrombosis,and its mechanism may be related to the protection of vascular endothelial cells,andinhibition of inflammation and platelets aggregation.However,the detailed mechanism needs to be further explored.