Abstract： Th1/Th2 balance is the basis for maintaining normal cellular and humoral immunity,and Th1/Th2 imbalance is associated with the path-ogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)in children.Th1/Th2 imbalance will promote the massive release of inflammatory cy-tokines,thereby mediating the inflammatory response.It is of great significance to explore the occurrence and development mechanism and treatment strategies of MPP in children from Th1/Th2 imbalance.The Xuanfu(玄府)-Feiluo(肺络)theory originates from the Huang Di Nei Jing(黄帝内经).Xuanfu distributing all over the body will be first attacked by the external pathogen during the invasion process.The invasion can block Xuanfu to cause Feiluoyubi(肺络郁闭),Qijishitiao(气机失调),and unsmooth distribution of Jinye(津液).The chil-dren with Yangchangyouyu(阳常有余)are prone to Rehua(热化),which results in Tanreneisheng(痰 热内 生).Tanre(痰热)will con-sume Zhengqi(正气),which will lead to deficiency of Feiqiyin(肺气阴)over time.The process of external pathogen invading Xuanfu is the process of M.pneumoniae invading the body.The blockage of Xuanfu and Feiluo(肺络)and disorders of Qiji(气机)reflect the process of Th1/Th2 imbalance-mediated inflammatory response and lung inflammation.Delicacy of Zangfu(脏腑)and Xingqiweichong(形气未充)are the physiological characteristics of children and the internal cause of the blockage of Xuanfu and Feiluo.That is,the imperfect immune function of children provides a prerequisite for M.pneumoniae infection.Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of Th1/Th2 imbalance in the children with MPP follows the principle of Tong(通).Specifically,the treatment focus on Qingrehuatan(清热化痰)in the acute stage and Buxutongluo(补虚通络)in the chronic stage,so as to inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines,reduce the inflammation,and then restore Th1/Th2 balance.Such an intervention strategy can improve the prognosis of children with MPP and has theoretical and guiding significance.