The BAP module,comprising BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1(BZR1),AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 6(ARF6),and PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4(PIF4),functions as a molecular hub to orchestrate plant growth and development.In Arabidopsis thaliana,components of the BAP module physically interact to form a complex system that integrates light,brassinosteroid(BR),and auxin signals.Little is known about the origin and evolution of the BAP module.Here,we con-ducted comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses to investigate the evolution and func-tional diversification of the BAP module.Our re-sults suggest that the BAP module originated in land plants and that the ζ,ε,and γ whole-genome duplication/triplication events contributed to the expansion of BAP module components in seed plants.Comparative transcriptomic analysis suggested that the prototype BAP module arose in Marchantia polymorpha,experienced stepwise evolution,and became established as a mature regulatory system in seed plants.We developed a formula to calculate the signal transduction pro-ductivity of the BAP module and demonstrate that more crosstalk among components enables higher signal transduction efficiency.Our results reveal the evolutionary history of the BAP module and provide insights into the evolution of plant signaling networks and the strategies employed by plants to integrate environmental and endog-enous signals.

为了对广西产拳卷地钱药材进行质量控制,采用HPLC指纹图谱法对8批药材进行了研究,色谱条件为安捷伦ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈(B)-0.1%磷酸水溶液(D),梯度洗脱,检测波长为230 nm,柱温为25 ℃.结果表明:建立了参考指纹图谱,共有峰6个,8批广西产拳卷地钱药材HLPC指纹图谱相似度均大于0.75,其精密度、重复性、稳定性实验均符合指纹图谱技术要求.HPLC指纹图谱分析,数据稳定可靠,方法简便高效,可为广西产拳卷地钱质量评价提供参考.

目的:通过筛选引物并优化反应条件,建立以目标起始密码子多态性(SCoT)技术进行标记的广西产拳卷地钱DNA的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)体系.方法:采用改进的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)法提取广西产拳卷地钱药材样品DNA,以凝胶电泳法与紫外分光光度法考察样品DNA的纯度和浓度;以样品DNA为模板,对36条SCoT引物进行PCR扩增反应,并对产物进行电泳、染色、成像以筛选合适引物;以DNA浓度、Mg2+浓度、dNTP浓度、引物浓度、Taq DNA聚合酶浓度等5个主要因素进行5因素4水平的正交试验,对SCoT-PCR反应体系条件进行优化.结果:所提取的样品DNA条带整齐,无RNA污染、无降解、无弥散荧光,加样孔清晰;260、280 nm紫外波长处吸光度比值在1.8～2.0范围内,样品DNA纯度和浓度均适合后续试验;36条引物PCR结果显示,4号引物所得产物条带整齐、无弥散荧光且亮度最高,故以其为引物进行PCR反应;最佳SCoT-PCR反应体系为30.00μg/mL DNA、2.00 mmol/L Mg2+、0.20 mmol/L dNTP、0.40μmol/L引物、0.50 U/mL Taq DNA聚合酶(总反应体积20μL).结论:筛选得到合适的样品DNA的SCoT-PCR引物并优化了反应体系,可为广西产拳卷地钱的品种鉴定、遗传多样性评价及亲缘关系分析提供技术基础.

JAZ proteins are negative regulators of jasmonate responses,acting both as repressors of transcription factors and as co-receptors of JA-Ile.The high redundancy of JAZ genes in angiosperms has hindered the characterization of a complete depletion of JAZ function.Moreover,the recent discovery that dnOPDA is the jasmonate ligand in Marchantia polymorpha demonstrates that JA-Ile is not the sole COI1/JAZ ligand in land plants and highlights the importance of studying JAZ co-receptors in bryophytes.Here,we have exploited the low gene redundancy of the liverwort M.polymorpha to characterize the single MpJAZ in this early diverging plant lineage.We clarify the phylogenetic history of the TIFY family,demonstrate that MpJAZ is the ortholog of AtJAZ with a conserved function,and characterize its repressor activity of dn-OPDA responses.Our results show that,consistent with previous findings in Arabidopsis,MpJAZ represses jasmonates biosynthesis,senescence,and plant defenses,and promotes cell growth and reproductive fitness,highlighting the power of studies in Marchantia.

目的:研究广西产拳卷地钱Marchantia convoluta Gao et Chang的化学成分.方法:拳卷地钱的80％乙醇提取物采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构.结果:从广西产拳卷地钱中分离纯化得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为:正十六烷酸(1)、β-谷甾醇(2)、豆甾醇(3)、5-羟基-7,4'-二甲氧基黄酮(4)、5-羟基-7,4'-二甲氧基二氢黄酮(5)、芹菜素(6)、槲皮素(7)、β-胡萝卜苷(8)、5-羟基-7-甲氧基-2-甲基色原酮(9)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、木犀草素(11)、熊果酸(12)、5,7-二羟基-6,4'-二甲氧基黄酮(13).结论:其中,化合物1、4～13为首次从该植物中分离得到.

为了探究地钱(Marchantia polymorpha Linn.)挥发性成分与性别和环境的关系,采用超声辅助法提取地钱挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分别对成都地区5个产地雌、雄株地钱挥发油成分进行差异性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和典型相关性分析.结果显示:(1)同一产地雌雄株地钱挥发油成分的种类大体相同,均以倍半萜为主,其中氧化石竹烯的含量均为最高,其次是β-花柏烯和α-布藜烯;但不同地区地钱挥发油成分存在一定的差异;(2)雌性和雄性地钱挥发性成分之间无显著差异;(3)含量较低的二萜、三萜、脂肪酸等物质对地钱产地区分作用较大,且地理位置对地钱挥发油成分有一定的影响;(4)温度和相对湿度是对地钱的挥发性成分影响最大的环境因子,且不同环境因子对不同成分的影响程度有所不同.本研究表明地钱挥发性主要成分无性别差异,地区间差异是由于环境因子不同所致;结果可为全面、深入认识雌雄异株植物与环境的相互关系提供参考,同时也有利于更有效、合理地利用植物的次生代谢产物.

为探究雌雄地钱在镉胁迫下性别响应差异,该文采用室内培养法,对野外采集的地钱雌雄配子体进行CdCl2(100 mg·L-1)溶液胁迫处理,定期取样观测其生理指标并在雌雄间进行比较.同时,利用隶属函数法计算雌雄地钱所有指标的综合评价值,评估雌雄地钱耐镉能力差异.结果表明:雌雄地钱在镉胁迫后,各个指标的变化趋势基本一致,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)均表现为显著上升,过氧化物酶(POD)呈现为先下降后上升,脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性蛋白均表现为先上升后下降,叶绿素a(Chla)、叶绿素b(Chlb)均表现为显著下降;雌性地钱叶绿素a/叶绿素b(Chla/Chlb)显著上升,雄性地钱仅在胁迫8d显著上升,其余天数下无显著变化;综合评价值显示耐镉能力为雄性地钱>雌性地钱.该研究结果为深入探讨雌雄异株植物对胁迫的性别响应差异提供了参考.

地钱(Marchantia polymorpha)作为雌雄异株的苔纲植物,具有对重金属胁迫敏感的特性,且种群中雌雄比例差异较大,是研究重金属环境下植物性二态的理想对象之一.为探究雌雄地钱转录组对重金属镉的响应机制差异,利用高通量测序和加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA),鉴定了在镉胁迫条件下与不同性别地钱有关的模块和基因.结果表明,镉胁迫响应转录因子雌雄差异主要集中于bHLH、ERF和MYB家族.关键差异响应基因包括MARPO_0147s0038、MARPO_1326s0001和MARPO_0015s0058.差异响应通路雌性主要集中在信号转导通路,雄性则集中于类黄酮生物合成.研究结果有助于揭示雌雄异株地钱对镉胁迫的反应过程和响应机制,可为理解雌雄异株植物对重金属胁迫的性别特异性响应机制提供参考.

The core G protein signaling module,which consists of Gα and extra-large Gα(XLG)subunits coupled with the Gβγ dimer,is a master regulator of various stress responses.in this study,we compared the basal and salt stress-induced transcriptomic,metabolomic and phenotypic profiles in Gα,Gβ,and XLG-null mutants of two plant species,Arabidopsis thaliana and Marchantia polymorpha,and showed that G protein medi-ates the shift of transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis to stress readiness status.We demonstrated that such stress readiness serves as an intrinsic protection mechanism against further stressors through enhancing the phenylpropanoid pathway and abscisic acid responses.Furthermore,WRKY transcription factors were identified as key intermediates of G protein-mediated homeostatic shifts.Statistical and mathematical model comparisons between A.thaliana and M.polymorpha revealed evolutionary conser-vation of transcriptional and metabolic networks over land plant evolution,whereas divergence has occurred in the function of plant-specific atypical XLG subunit.Taken together,our results indicate that the shifts in transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis at least partially act as the mechanisms of G protein-coupled stress responses that are conserved between two distantly related plants.