正常细胞周期包括细胞分裂、分化、凋亡或焦亡过程,可受多种调节蛋白的调控.特定基因或整个基因组的DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰及非编码RNAs(non-coding RNAs,ncRNAs)作用等表观遗传机制在细胞周期过程中发挥重要作用,这些机制的改变使细胞周期失调,导致细胞生长紊乱,引起表观遗传修饰异常,正常细胞可能向肿瘤细胞发展,是人类肿瘤发生的重要原因之一.本文就细胞周期中的表观遗传调控、表观遗传机制与细胞周期调控在肿瘤中的异常、肿瘤细胞周期相关表观遗传调控的治疗靶点作一综述,以期为深入探讨表观遗传机制与细胞周期调控间的相关性及肿瘤的发生机制提供新的思路.

线粒体溶质载体(SLC)是最大的跨膜转运蛋白家族,决定着多种物质交换,包括营养物质、离子、代谢物和药物等.随着人口老龄化的加剧,与增龄相关的肿瘤的发病率逐年上升,SLC25与多种肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,如结肠癌、肺癌、肾癌、膀胱癌等.本文主要对SLC25家族在肿瘤的发生发展中的作用作一综述,为阐明SLC25家族作为老年相关肿瘤治疗靶点的可行性提供理论依据.

The LIM domain only 1 ( LMO1) gene belongs to the LMO family of genes that encodes a group of transcriptional cofactors. This group of transcriptional cofactors regulates gene transcription by acting as a key "connector" or "scaffold" in transcription complexes. All LMOs, including LMO1, are important players in the process of tumorigenesis. Unique biological features of LMO1 distinct from other LMO members, such as its tissue-specific expression patterns, interacting proteins, and transcriptional targets, have been increasingly recognized. Studies indicated that LMO1 plays a critical oncogenic role in various types of cancers, including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, neuroblastoma, gastric cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. The molecular mechanisms underlying such functions of LMO1 have also been investigated, but they are currently far from being fully elucidated. Here, we focus on reviewing the current findings on the role of LMO1 in tumorigenesis, the mechanisms of its oncogenic action, and the mechanisms that drive its aberrant activation in cancers. We also briefly review its roles in the development process and non-cancer diseases. Finally, we discuss the remaining questions and future investigations required for promoting the translation of laboratory findings to clinical applications, including cancer diagnosis and treatment.

三基序蛋白23(TRIM23)是TRIM家族中的一员，其编码的蛋白具有E3泛素连接酶及GTP酶双重活性，广泛参与细胞凋亡、自噬、免疫、炎症和肿瘤等多种病理生理过程。TRIM23在多种肿瘤中表达失调，发挥癌基因的作用，促进肿瘤进展，并与患者的不良预后相关。本文主要就TRIM23在肿瘤发生发展中的作用及机制作一综述。

目的:探讨hsa_circ_0001776与miR-1265在肺鳞状细胞癌（鳞癌）中的作用及机制。方法:收集2020—2022年于唐山市人民医院治疗的肺鳞癌患者血浆和健康人血浆。肺鳞癌组织芯片和癌旁正常组织芯片于2022年购自上海芯超生物科技有限公司。采用实时定量聚合酶链式反应检测hsa_circ_0001776在肺鳞癌血浆、组织及细胞中的表达情况，荧光原位杂交验证hsa_circ_0001776在肺鳞癌细胞NCI-H1703中的定位。体外培养肺鳞癌细胞NCI-H1703、NCI-H226，分为circ-NC组、过表达hsa_circ_0001776组、miR-NC组、miR-1265 mimic组、过表达hsa_circ_0001776+miR-NC组和过表达hsa_circ_0001776+miR-1265 mimic组，采用细胞计数试剂盒8法、细胞克隆形成实验、Transwell实验和划痕实验以及流式细胞术分别检测过表达hsa_circ_0001776、过表达miR-1265以及过表达hsa_circ_0001776和miR-1265 mimic的挽救实验对肺鳞癌细胞NCI-H1703和NCI-H226的增殖、克隆、侵袭、迁移和凋亡的影响。通过circular RNA Interactome网站预测hsa_circ_0001776下游的miR-1265，双荧光素酶报告基因实验确定hsa_circ_0001776、miR-1265之间的相互作用，裸鼠皮下成瘤实验检测稳定过表达hsa_circ_0001776的NCI-H1703细胞对移植瘤生长的影响。结果:荧光原位杂交结果显示，肺鳞癌组织中hsa_circ_0001776的荧光强度低于癌旁组织，肺鳞癌组织中miR-1265荧光强度高于癌旁组织（均 P＜0.05）。肺鳞癌患者血浆中hsa_circ_0001776的表达水平低于健康人血浆，miR-1265表达水平高于健康人血浆（均 P＜0.05）。肺鳞癌细胞NCI-H1703、NCI-H226和SK-MES-1中hsa_circ_0001776的表达水平均低于支气管上皮细胞BEAS-2B（均 P＜0.05），miR-1265在NCI-H1703、NCI-H226中的相对表达水平高于人支气管上皮细胞BEAS-2B（均 P＜0.05）。hsa_circ_0001776低表达与肺鳞癌患者的年龄、淋巴结转移、临床分期以及肿瘤分期有关（均 P＜0.05）。荧光原位杂交结果显示，hsa_circ_0001776主要在细胞质中表达。双荧光素酶报告实验结果表明，miR-1265与hsa_circ_0001776存在互补结合位点。过表达hsa_circ_0001776组NCI-H1703、NCI-H226细胞吸光度值均低于circ-NC组（均 P＜0.05）。过表达hsa_circ_0001776组细胞克隆数为（52±3）个、（53±4）个，迁移细胞数为（476±17）个、（113±7）个，侵袭细胞数为（100±2）个、（184±2）个，细胞迁移率为（25.00±4.36）%、（36.02±5.55）%，均低于circ-NC组［分别为（104±4）个和（106±2）个，（783±29）个和（517±16）个，（657±45）个和（473±9）个，（48.95±8.69）%和（48.70±1.57）%，均 P＜0.05］。过表达hsa_circ_0001776组细胞凋亡率分别为（24.77±2.30）%和（19.67±1.16）%，均高于circ-NC组［分别为（11.83±1.15）%和（9.50±0.66）%，均 P＜0.05］。miR-1265 mimic组NCI-H1703、NCI-H226细胞吸光度值均高于miR-NC组（均 P＜0.05）。miR-1265 mimic组细胞克隆数为（56±13）个和（51±8）个，迁移细胞数为（556±13）个、（405±6）个，侵袭细胞数为（486±6）个、（359±7）个，细胞迁移率为（68.56±5.51）%、（81.74±8.04）%，均高于miR-NC组［分别为（31±4）个和（21±8）个，（154±19）个和（186±5）个，（227±6）个和（176±7）个，（25.83±4.26）%和（53.12±4.14）%，均 P＜0.05］。miR-1265 mimic组细胞凋亡率分别为（11.83±2.55）%、（17.50±1.05）%，均低于miR-NC组［分别为（32.67±4.44）%、（39.90±2.88）%，均 P＜0.05］。过表达hsa_circ_0001776+miR-1265 mimic组中NCI-H1703、NCI-H226吸光度值均高于过表达hsa_circ_0001776+miR-NC组（均 P＜0.05）。过表达hsa_circ_0001776+miR-1265 mimic组细胞克隆数为（128±15）个和（133±8）个，迁移细胞数为（623±10）个和（310±7）个，侵袭细胞数为（643±16）个和（420±7）个，细胞迁移率为（66.39±4.46）%和（68.60±3.53）%，均高于过表达hsa_circ_0001776+miR-NC组［分别为（86±7）个和（80±16）个，（380±11）个和（115±5）个，（152±7）个和（94±4）个，（31.41±5.91）%和（30.94±0.67）%，均 P＜0.05］。过表达hsa_circ_0001776+miR-1265 mimic组细胞凋亡率分别为（19.27±0.15）%和（11.53±0.75）%，均低于过表达hsa_circ_0001776+miR-NC组［分别为（27.77±1.29）%和（18.43±0.71）%，均 P＜0.05］。裸鼠皮下成瘤实验结果显示，过表达hsa_circ_0001776组肿瘤的体积低于circ-NC组（ P＜0.05）。 结论:肺鳞癌中hsa_circ_0001776呈低表达，hsa_circ_0001776通过靶向miR-1265可抑制肺鳞癌的发展。

随着生物制剂肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)抑制剂阿达木单抗经FDA获批用于非感染性中、后、全葡萄膜炎的治疗，TNF-α抑制剂在非感染性葡萄膜炎治疗中得到了广泛关注和应用。然而，基于该类生物制剂在炎症性肠病、类风湿性关节炎等免疫性疾病治疗中的应用观察，已有研究发现长期应用该类制剂的患者感染和肿瘤发生或发展的风险明显增加，应用过程中的主要安全性问题在于严重感染的发生、术后感染的发生、结核病和肝炎的发生或进展以及肿瘤发生或进展的风险增加。随着TNF-α抑制剂在难治性葡萄膜炎治疗中的广泛应用，眼科临床医生在聚焦其疗效的同时应认识和了解药物相关的不良反应及其发生机制，规范用药前后疾病的筛查或防控措施以及用药过程中的监测方法，做到合理选择用药方法及时机，尽量减少或避免药物不良反应，改善疗效和预后获益。

Placentation and tumorigenesis have many common features. Human placentation builds a maternal-fetal connection, circumvents maternal immune rejection of the fetus, and utilizes mechanisms that support tumorigenesis, such as proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and immune tolerance. Trophoblasts of the human placenta mimic the behavior of malignant cells, proliferating and invading the uterine decidua until reaching the myometrium and remodeling the spiral arteries that establish a new vascular system and escape the maternal immune response. These processes are under precise temporal and spatial regulation, and their dysregulation is associated with different pregnancy syndromes, including preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy syndrome that is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. At present, the precise mechanisms underlying the development of PE remain unclear. Here, we summarize and dissect the features between physiological placentation and pathological tumorigenesis to explore the pathogenesis of PE - which we believe to be the result of insufficient placentation, compared to the overaggression of tumorigenesis - to provide novel strategies to prevent and treat PE.

Background::Aurora kinases (AURKs) family plays a vital role not only in cell division but also in tumorigenesis. However, there are still rare systematic analyses of the diverse expression patterns and prognostic value of the AURKs family in breast cancer (BC). Systematic bioinformatics analysis was conducted to explore the biological role, prognostic value, and immunologic function of AURKs family in BC. Methods::The expression, prognostic value, and clinical functions of AURKs family in BC were evaluated with several bioinformatics web portals: ONCOMINE Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal, Metascape, GeneMANIA, and LinkedOmics; and the result was verified using human tissues. Results::The expression of AURKA and AURKB were upregulated in BC in subgroup analyses based on tumor stage (all P < 0.05). BC patients with high AURKA and AURKB expression had a worse overall survival, relapse-free survival, and distant metastasis-free survival (all P < 0.05). Verification experiment revealed that AURKA and AURKB were upregulated in BC ( P < 0.05). AURKA and AURKB were specifically associated with several tumor-associated kinases (polo-like kinase 1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1), miRNAs (miR-507 and miR-381), and E2F transcription factor 1. Moreover, AURKA and AURKB were correlated with immune cell infiltration. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that AURKA and AURKB were involved in the cell cycle signaling pathway, platinum drug resistance signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, and nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor signaling pathway. Conclusions::Aurora kinases AURKA and AURKB could be employed as novel prognostic biomarkers or promising therapeutic targets for BC.

目的:探讨miR-483-5p在肾上腺皮质癌中的作用及其可能的作用机制。方法:荧光定量PCR法检测miR-483-5p和CDK15在肾上腺皮质癌组织和细胞系中的表达，CCK-8增殖试验测定miR-483-5p对细胞增殖的影响，Transwell法检测ACC细胞侵袭性的变化。荧光素酶试验和挽救实验验证miR-483-5p与CDK15相关的分子机制。结果:miR-483-5p在肾上腺皮质癌组织中高表达（2.36±1.02 vs 1.09±0.43），CDK15在肾上腺皮质癌组织中低表达（0.57±0.26 vs 1.06±0.32）。荧光素酶检测证实CDK15是miR-483-5p的直接靶点。过表达miR-483-5p可通过下调CDK15的表达促进ACC细胞的增殖（24 h: 0.26±0.03 vs 0.23±0.04，48 h: 0.56±0.05 vs 0.41±0.03，72 h: 0.73±0.04 vs 0.59±0.03）和侵袭能力（95.78±4.66 vs 23.89±2.52）。结论:miR-483-5p可通过下调CDK15的表达促进肾上腺皮质癌的发生发展，其可作为肾上腺皮质癌的潜在生物标志物及治疗肾上腺皮质癌的新的作用靶点。

Integrins are a family of transmembrane receptors that connect the extracellular matrix and actin skeleton, which mediate cell adhesion, migration, signal transduction, and gene transcription. As a bi-directional signaling molecule, integrins can modulate many aspects of tumorigenesis, including tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Therefore, integrins have a great potential as antitumor therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the recent reports of integrins in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), focusing on the abnormal expression, activation, and signaling of integrins in cancer cells as well as their roles in other cells in the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss the regulation and functions of integrins in hepatitis B virus-related HCC. Finally, we update the clinical and preclinical studies of integrin-related drugs in the treatment of HCC.