Objective:Obesity-induced kidney injury contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy(DN).Here,we identified the functions of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 19(USP19)in HK-2 cells exposed to a combination of high glucose(HG)and free fatty acid(FFA)and determined its association with TGF-beta-activated kinase 1(TAK1).Methods:HK-2 cells were exposed to a combination of HG and FFA.USP19 mRNA expression was detected by quantitative RT-PCR(qRT-PCR),and protein analysis was performed by immunoblotting(IB).Cell growth was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)viability and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)proliferation assays.Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.The USP19/TAK1 interaction and ubiquitinated TAK1 levels were assayed by coimmunoprecipitation(Co-IP)assays and IB.Results:In HG+FFA-challenged HK-2 cells,USP19 was highly expressed.USP19 knockdown attenuated HG+FFA-triggered growth inhibition and apoptosis promotion in HK-2 cells.Moreover,USP19 knockdown alleviated HG+FFA-mediated PTEN-induced putative kinase 1(PINK1)/Parkin pathway inactivation and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation in HK-2 cells.Mechanistically,USP19 stabilized the TAK1 protein through deubiquitination.Importantly,increased TAK1 expression reversed the USP19 knockdown-mediated phenotypic changes and PINKl/Parkin pathway activation in HG+FFA-challenged HK-2 cells.Conclusion:The findings revealed that USP19 plays a crucial role in promoting HK-2 cell dysfunction induced by combined stimulation with HG and FFAs by stabilizing TAK1,providing a potential therapeutic strategy for combating DN.

Objective:Colorectal cancer(CRC),a prevalent malignancy worldwide,has prompted extensive research into anticanccr drugs.Traditional Chinese medicinal materials offer promising avenues for cancer management due to their diverse pharmacological activities.This study investigated the effects of Notopterygium incisum,a traditional Chinese medicine named Qianghuo(QH),on CRC cells and the underlying mechanism.Methods:The sulforhodamine B assay and colony formation assay were employed to assess the effect of QH extract on the proliferation of CRC cell lines HCT116 and Caco-2.Propidium iodide(PI)staining was utilized to detect cell cycle progression,and PE Annexin V staining to detect apoptosis.Western blotting was conducted to examine the levels of apoptotic proteins,including B-cell lymphoma 2-interacting mediator of cell death(BIM),B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2-associated X protein(BAX)and cleaved caspase-3,as well as BIM stability after treatment with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide.The expression of BAX was suppressed using lentivirus-mediated shRNA to validate the involvement of the BIM/BAX axis in QH-induced apoptosis.The in vivo effects of QH extract on tumor growth were observed using a xenograft model.Lastly,APCMin+mice were used to study the effects of QH extract on primary intestinal tumors.Results:QH extract exhibited significant in vitro anti-CRC activities evidenced by the inhibition of cell proliferation,perturbation of cell cycle progression,and induction of apoptosis.Mechanistically,QH extract significantly increased the stability of BIM proteins,which undergo rapid degradation under unstressed conditions.Knockdown of BAX,the downstream effector of BIM,significantly rescued QH-induced apoptosis.Furthermore,the in vitro effect of QH extract was recapitulated in vivo.QH extract significantly inhibited the tumor growth of HCT116 xenografts in nude mice and decreased the number of intestinal polyps in the APCMin+mice.Conclusion:QH extract promotes the apoptosis of CRC cells by preventing the degradation of BIM.

Gynecological cancer significantly affect the health of women.This review aimed to describe the global patterns and trends in the survival of patients with gynecological cancers.We searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,SinoMed,and SEER for survival analyses of cancer registration data of cervical,endometrial,and ovarian cancers published between 1980 and 2022.Globally,the highest 5-year observed survival rate for cervical cancer was 76.5%in Anshan,Liaoning,China(2008-2017).The 5-year observed survival rates of endometrial and ovarian cancers were higher in Finland(1995-1999,82.5%)and Singapore(1988-1992,62.0%).The 5-year relative survival rate of cervical cancer patients was higher in Haining,Zhejiang,China(2011-2014,85.8%).Korea ranked first at 89.0%and 64.5%for endometrial and ovarian cancers,respectively.Survival rates have improved for cervical,endometrial,and ovarian cancers.Patients aged≥75 years and those with advanced-stage disease had the worst 5-year survival rates.Survival rates were better for squamous cell carcinoma in cervical cancer,for endometrial carcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma in endometrial cancer,and for germ cell and sex-cord stromal tumors in ovarian cancer.Over the past four decades,the survival rates of gynecological cancers have increased globally,with notable increases in cervical and endometrial cancers.Survival rates are higher in developed countries,with a slow-growing trend.Future studies should focus on improving survival,especially in ovarian cancer patients.

Objective Chlorination is often used to disinfect recreational water in large amusement parks;however,the health hazards of chlorination disinfection by-products(DBPs)to occupational populations are unknown.This study aimed to assess the exposure status of chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and the health risks to employees of large amusement parks.Methods Exposure parameters of employees of three large amusement parks in Shanghai were investigated using a questionnaire.Seven typical chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and spray samples were quantified by gas chromatography,and the health risks to amusement park employees exposed to chlorinated DBPs were evaluated according to the WHO's risk assessment framework.Results Trichloroacetic acid,dibromochloromethane,bromodichloromethane,and dichloroacetic acid were detected predominantly in recreational water.The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of the five DBPs did not exceed the risk thresholds.In addition,the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of mixed exposure to DBPs were within the acceptable risk limits.Conclusion Typical DBPs were widely detected in recreational water collected from three large amusement parks in Shanghai;however,the health risks of DBPs and their mixtures were within acceptable limits.

成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病(latent autoimmune diabe-tes in adults,LADA)是一种异质性糖尿病,它表现出2型糖尿病的临床特征,又能检测到1型糖尿病相关的胰岛自身抗体[1,2],也被称为1.5型糖尿病或缓慢进展的胰岛素依赖1型糖尿病.中国LADA患者已超过1 000万[3].

目的 评价某市近10年来归因于大气PM2.5的冠心病所致该市人群的健康损失.方法 收集2011-2020年某市大气PM2.5浓度及居民冠心病死亡资料,计算冠心病所致的早死寿命损失年,分析大气PM2.5短期暴露及长期效应,并评估PM25在国家一级标准(15 μg/m3)时的冠心病患者健康改善情况.结果 2011-2020年该市因PM2.5所致的全人群冠心病死亡人数从2011年的747例上升到2020年的890例,增加了 19.14％;归因于PM2.5所致冠心病的寿命损失为106 840.48人年.2011-2020年该市归因于PM2.5的冠心病对人均期望寿命的损失是0.20岁,男性为0.29岁,女性为0.12岁,男性是女性的2.42倍.按照《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095-2012)-级标准(大气PM2.5年平均为15 μg/m3)的水平进行调整,该市冠心病近10年可以减少4 375例死亡,寿命损失年可以减少49 001.61人年,期望寿命可以提高0.09岁.结论 2011-2020年冠心病对该市居民造成一定的健康损失,降低PM2.5浓度后当地居民可获得良好的健康收益,提示PM2.5浓度降低可延缓该市心血管疾病死亡率的增加.

目的:从"肺与大肠相表里"理论出发,探讨大黄对呼吸道合胞病毒(Respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)感染小鼠的治疗效果.方法:42 只Balb/c小鼠随机分为空白对照组、利巴韦林组、大黄低剂量组、大黄中剂量组、大黄高剂量组、病毒对照组,每组各 7 只.除空白对照组外,其余组小鼠通过滴鼻感染RSV造模,灌胃给药3d后通过Western bolt法检测小鼠肺组织中的病毒所带荧光蛋白(RSV-GFP)的表达;q-PCR检测小鼠肺组织病毒基因(RSV-G)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)mRNA的表达;苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察小鼠肺病理学形态变化;冰冻切片观察肺组织病毒荧光情况;病毒空斑法检测小鼠肺匀浆病毒滴度.结果:与病毒对照组小鼠相比,大黄低剂量组小鼠RSV-GFP蛋白表达量降低(P＜0.05),差异有统计学意义;大黄各剂量治疗组的RSV-G、TNF-α mRNA相对表达量均低于病毒对照组小鼠(P＜0.05),差异有统计学意义;病毒对照组小鼠肺组织出现明显病理改变,肺间质增厚,组织毛细血管淤血,肺泡壁炎细胞浸润,各治疗组病理改变均有所减轻,肺泡壁炎细胞浸润减少;大黄低剂量组、利巴韦林组与病毒对照组相比,病毒荧光强度降低;大黄低剂量组、利巴韦林组小鼠肺部病毒滴度也较病毒对照组下降(P＜0.05),差异有统计学意义.结论:大黄免煎颗粒可抑制RSV在小鼠肺组织中复制,降低肺内炎症因子的表达,减轻炎症反应,提高小鼠生存质量.

骨巨细胞瘤是一种具有局部侵袭性的交界性原发骨肿瘤,其发病机制尚不清楚,特征性表现为溶骨性病变.骨巨细胞瘤具有一定的遗传特征,表现为H3F3A基因突变,该突变成为骨巨细胞瘤的特异性标记物.手术治疗是骨巨细胞瘤的主要治疗方法,包括病灶内刮除术和整块切除术及术后重建.双膦酸盐和地舒单抗等治疗药物的应用打开了骨巨细胞瘤治疗的新局面.靶向治疗也成为骨巨细胞瘤研究领域的新热点.该文就骨巨细胞瘤在手术、放疗、药物及靶向治疗等领域的研究进展进行综述.

目的:深入剖析大数据与AI技术在江西省药品智慧监管中的应用情况,分析存在的问题,并提出改进措施,以提升药品监管效率和公众用药的安全性.方法:通过详细分析国家和江西省内的相关政策,总结江西省药品智慧监管现状,全面探讨了大数据与AI技术在药品监管领域的实际应用.结果及结论:大数据和AI技术已在江西省药品监管中有所应用,但仍存在信息孤岛、监管资源短缺和技术更新缓慢等问题.为此,本研究认为应构建药店智慧监管大数据平台,利用大数据、云计算、电子政务网络等先进技术,并引入YOLO算法模型和Level大模型等AI手段,以增强药品监管的科学性、精确性和整体效率.本研究为江西省药品监管的现代化提供了理论支撑,同时也为全国范围内的药品智慧监管贡献了实践经验和未来发展方向的参考.通过整合大数据和AI技术,可有效解决当前药品监管面临的挑战,从而提升监管水平,确保公众用药安全.

比较CT与超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流(PCD)治疗腹腔脓肿的临床效果及安全性.选取2019年1月-2022年5月广州中医药大学附属北碚中医院收治的腹腔脓肿行PCD患者,根据不同治疗方法,按随机原则分为观察组(CT引导PCD)和对照组(超声引导PCD),比较两组的穿刺成功率、治愈率、穿刺置管时间、腹部症状缓解时间、留置引流管时间、穿刺费用及并发症.两组在穿刺置管时间、腹部症状缓解时间、留置引流管时间、治愈率以及并发症方面差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).但是在穿刺成功率上,观察组明显高于对照组(97.37％比78.26％,P＜0.05);而在穿刺费用上,对照组明显少于观察组(P＜0.05).CT引导下的PCD穿刺成功率相对较高,而超声引导下的PCD的穿刺费用较低,且应用便利,两种引导穿刺的方式各有优势,应根据个体化进行合理选择,使患者受益最大化.