Introduction::Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer which mainly affects the population over 50 years of age. In addition to surgical treatment, nonsurgical treatment is also an attractive option for some patients.Case presentation::An 82-year-old man presented with BCC on his left nose wing more than 2 years ago. Due to his unwillingness to accept treatment that may lead to pain, discomfort, or trauma, the patient was prescribed oral acitretin 25 mg twice daily [0.8 mg/(kg·d)] and was instructed to apply 2% fusidic acid cream topically once daily for trauma protection. The lesion progressively shrank in size after 4 weeks of treatment, and was almost completely resolved after 28 weeks of follow-up. The patient reported mild adverse effects, such as mild skin fragility and cheilitis, and apparent scaling skin, which caused minor discomfort but did not affect the continuation of treatment.Discussion::The pathogenesis of BCC is still unclear, but it has been demonstrated to be linked to overactive hedgehog signaling and its crosstalk with other pathways such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin. Acitretin could obviously inhibit cell growth and proliferation and down-regulate AMP-dependent protein kinases that plays critical role in the blocking of malignant progression of several tumors including BCC.Conclusion::We provide an effective alternative for the patients with BCC who are unwilling to receive surgical therapy.

目的:回顾性分析阿达木单抗联合阿维A治疗儿童泛发性脓疱型银屑病的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选取2019年10月至2020年8月就诊于天津市儿童医院皮肤科的5例泛发性脓疱型银屑病患儿，入院予口服0.5 mg·kg -1·d -1阿维A，待相关检查结果回报后，第0周（首剂）、第1周及此后每2周给予皮下注射阿达木单抗20/40 mg，日本皮肤科协会（JDA）评分改善50%后阿维A减量至0.3 mg·kg -1·d -1，改善75%后停用阿维A，于阿达木单抗治疗0、1、2、4、8、12、24周时观察并记录患者病情，治疗过程中监测不良反应。 结果:5例患者均接受至少40周疗程的药物治疗，2周时3例达JDA50；4周时4例达JDA75，1例JDA100；8周时5例均达到JDA100。至2021年6月，5例患儿均已接受至少40周随访，期间病情未见反复，均未出现感染或恶性肿瘤等严重不良反应。结论:阿达木单抗联合阿维A治疗儿童泛发性脓疱型银屑病起效较快，安全性较高。

目的:观察阿维A联合中药治疗脓疱型银屑病的疗效。方法:选择长治市第二人民医院2011年7月至2017年10月收治的脓疱型银屑病患者91例，采用随机数字表法分为治疗组31例、对照组Ⅰ30例与对照组Ⅱ 30例，三组在基础治疗的同时分别采用阿维A联合中药、单纯阿维A口服、单纯服中药治疗，对比三组患者的疗效、体温下降时间、脓疱完全消退时间以及住院时间。结果:治疗组总有效率93.55%(29/31)，对照组Ⅰ 70.00%(21/30)，对照组Ⅱ 73.33%(22/30)，治疗组明显高于两个对照组(χ 2＝5.720、4.546，均 P<0.05)，对照组I和对照组Ⅱ总有效率差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)；治疗组体温下降时间(4.24±0.86)d、脓疱完全消退时间(7.38±0.72)d、住院时间(23.46±0.61)d，对照组I分别为(7.45±0.92)d、(10.45±0.52)d、(30.01±0.82)d，对照组Ⅱ分别为(8.56±0.78)d、(11.56±0.35)d、(31.53±0.68)d，对照组I显著短于对照组Ⅱ( t＝14.083、19.037、35.476，均 P<0.05)，治疗组均显著短于对照组Ⅰ、对照组Ⅱ( t＝20.529、28.682、48.826，5.041、9.699、7.816，均 P<0.05)。 结论:阿维A胶囊联合中药治疗脓疱型银屑病临床疗效好、显效快，可在较短时间内控制体温，缩短脓疱消退时间，同时可有效缩短住院时间。

目的:使用计算机工具和公开数据库挖掘与皮肤鳞状细胞癌(cSCC)相关的基因和信号通路，并通过深度学习模型探索治疗cSCC的靶点及药物。方法:通过文本挖掘和GeneCodis找出与cSCC高度相关的基因；使用STRING和Cytoscape进行蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用分析；通过DGIdb数据库基于药物-基因相互作用分析，得到候选药物；利用药物-靶点相互作用深度学习模型DeepPurpose，采用深度学习算法，在药靶相关性的基础上进一步对药物-靶点亲和力进行预测，并给出与目标靶点亲和力较高的部分药物推荐。结果:通过文本挖掘识别出与cSCC相关的121个基因；基因富集分析中产生了与10个信号通路有关的11个基因和54个靶向药物。其中，主要通路包括"pathways in cancer"(癌症相关信号通路)、"MAPK signaling pathway"(MAPK信号通路)、"ErbB signaling pathway"(ErbB信号通路)；主要基因包括TP53、MDM2、CCND1、CDKN2A、HRAS、EGFR、MYC、ERBB2、AKT1、STAT3和SRC。通过DeepPurpose得到34个最终药物，包括11个化疗药物、17个酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、4个PI3K/AKT/mTOR抑制剂、1个丝裂原活化蛋白激酶抑制剂和维生素A酸。结论:使用计算机工具和深度学习模型有望成为一种新的探索靶向cSCC基因药物的有效方法。

Objective::Acitretin is a widely used systemic retinoid that is to treat psoriasis but has significant variations in efficacy and adverse events (AEs) among individuals. This study aimed to determine the impact of AEs associated with acitretin treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis on the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores.Methods::This prospective, observational, single-center study was conducted from March 2021 to June 2022 and analyzed 116 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis treated with acitretin who were followed up for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the incidence of AEs related to acitretin, and the secondary objective was to investigate the effect of AEs on the DLQI and HADS scores. The generalized linear models were used to assess the association between AEs related to acitretin and DLQI scores or HADS scores, and the association between the involved system/tissue and DLQI scores or HADS scores.Results::A final total of 45 patients were included in the analysis, and a total of 157 treatment-related AEs involving nine organs or systems were reported in 41 patients. The most common AE was skin- or mucosa-related, with 72 cumulative events in 31 patients. AEs also commonly affected the endocrine, digestive, and genitourinary systems. Compared with the group with 0–2 AEs, the group with 3–5 AEs had a significantly increased DLQI score by 5.49 points (95% CI, 1.47–9.51) ( P = 0.0089). Compared with AEs involving 0 to 1 system, AEs affecting 2 to 3 systems resulted in a significant increase in the DLQI score by 5.75 points (95% CI, 1.67–9.83) ( P = 0.0071). Generalized linear models showed no statistically significant associations between AEs and the HADS scores. Conclusion::Our study demonstrates a high incidence of acitretin-related AEs. These AEs may affect quality of life but rarely cause psychological problems such as anxiety and depression.

目的:分析口服阿维A对患儿身高和骨骼发育的影响。方法:回顾性分析2007年3月至2021年1月于北京儿童医院皮肤科口服阿维A疗程≥ 1个月的106例患儿的临床资料和影像学资料。主要观察指标为身高和接近成年终身高，多因素logistic回归分析患儿身材矮小的影响因素，对已达接近成年终身高者采用非劣效性检验分析身高与遗传靶身高的接近程度。次要观察指标为骨龄、骨骺闭合情况，Wilcoxon符号秩检验分析患儿基线与末次随访时骨龄与时序年龄差值的差异和骨骺早闭情况。结果:106例患儿中，男62例，女44例，84例为脓疱型银屑病，10例为寻常型银屑病，11例为毛发红糠疹，1例为颜面播散性粟粒型狼疮，阿维A治疗剂量<1 mg·kg -1·d -1，疗程1 ~ 90个月；0 ~ 18岁患儿96例，91例（94.8%）身材正常，5例（5.2%）身材矮小；83例阿维A单药治疗的患儿中，81例（97.6%）身材正常，2例（2.4%）身材矮小。二元logistic回归分析结果示，阿维A联合糖皮质激素治疗致身材矮小的风险比阿维A单药治疗增加76.57倍（ OR = 77.57，95% CI 2.20 ~ 2 738.82， P = 0.017），而病种、性别、发病年龄和阿维A初始治疗年龄、疗程、平均日剂量对身材矮小的影响均无统计学意义（ P值分别为0.988、0.214、0.087、0.078、0.066、0.350）。13例已达接近成年终身高者均身材正常，非劣效性检验示接近成年终身高均不劣于遗传靶身高（Satterthwaite = 0.23， P = 0.030）。比较45例患儿基线与末次随访时骨龄与时序年龄差值，两时间点差异无统计学意义（ Z = -0.85， P = 0.250），且治疗前后均未出现骨骺早闭。 结论:本研究初步显示口服阿维A治疗（剂量<1 mg·kg -1·d -1，疗程<90个月）对患儿身高和骨骼发育可能无明显影响。

Objective::This study was performed to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) in Northwest China.Methods::The clinical data of patients with GPP were retrospectively collected in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021 and analyzed using the chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results::In total, 179 hospitalized patients were included. The male:female ratio was 1.16:1.00, and the mean age at onset was 35.05 ± 19.11 years. Psoriasis vulgaris was also present in 76.0% of patients, and a family history of psoriasis was present in 15.6%. The mean duration of hospitalization was 10.67 ± 4.31 days, and the mean duration of flares was 29.58 ± 24.32 days. Infections and suspected drugs were predisposing factors. A fever developed in 54.7% of patients, and pruritus developed in 70.9%. Some patients had involvement of the nails (38.0%), scalp (46.9%), and tongue (4.5%). Cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and gallbladder-related disease were common comorbidities. The efficacy of acitretin was 84.7%, that of methotrexate was 66.7%, and that of cyclosporine was 100%. Fifteen patients were treated with secukinumab or adalimumab and responded well. The mean response time was 6.34 ± 2.91 days based on the combination treatments. The mean duration of the treatment regimen was 111.35 ± 94.25 days, and approximately 46.6% ( n = 131) of patients developed recurrence. Conclusion::Our retrospective study showed that most cases of GPP were accompanied by psoriasis vulgaris and associated with fever or pruritus. Acitretin had good therapeutic efficacy, but recurrence should be noted. Biologics are increasingly becoming effective treatments, but their superiority and safety need further research.

目的:评价凉血消风汤联合阿维A胶囊治疗寻常型银屑病的疗效。方法:将符合入选标准的2015年3月-2019年6月本院80例寻常型银屑病患者按随机数字表法分为2组，每组40例。对照组在西医常规治疗基础上口服阿维A胶囊，研究组在对照组基础上服用凉血消风汤。2组均治疗2个月，随访6个月。分别于治疗前后进行皮损面积和严重程度指数(Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, PASI)评分；采用ELISA法检测IL-8、IL-6、TNF-α水平，采用Real time PCR法检测组蛋白乙酰化酶(histone acetyltransferase, HATs)、去乙酰化酶(histone deacetylase, HDACs)水平，记录治疗期间不良反应及随访期间的复发情况，评价临床疗效。结果:研究组总有效率为82.5%(33/40)、对照组为62.5%(25/40)，2组比较差异有统计学意义( χ2＝4.012， P＝0.045)。治疗后，研究组PASI评分低于对照组( t＝7.921， P<0.01)；血清IL-8、IL-6、TNF-α水平低于对照组( t值分别为12.749、13.933、10.856， P值均<0.01)；HATs[(35.03±3.79)g/L比(29.26±2.41)g/L， t＝8.125]活性高于对照组( P<0.01)，HDACs[(31.00±2.71)g/L比(37.55±3.08)g/L， t＝10.098]活性低于对照组( P<0.01)。 结论:阿维A胶囊联合凉血消风汤可降低寻常型银屑病患者的炎性细胞因子水平，有效阻止疾病进展，其机制可能与调节乙酰化内稳态平衡有关。

目的:分析糖尿病合并银屑病患者发生麻疹再次感染的皮疹特点及诊疗过程，减少该类患者在临床中诊治的延误。方法:对榆林市第一医院2015年4月诊治的糖尿病合并银屑病患者发生麻疹再次感染1例的临床资料结合文献进行分析。结果:患者因多饮多尿3年、发热3 d入院。入院后予以降糖、抗炎治疗效果不佳。3 d后见四肢躯干皮疹。患者既往有麻疹感染病史。结合临床，不排除麻疹病毒感染，故外送查病原体，证实为麻疹病毒感染。考虑系麻疹病毒变异导致的再次感染。由于患者合并银屑病且长期使用阿维A胶囊和卡泊三醇，导致不典型的皮疹。予降糖、抗病毒同时调整抗生素治疗后，体温正常，皮疹逐渐消退。结论:对于2型糖尿病合并银屑病患者，如有发热应综合考虑，警惕麻疹病毒变异导致的再次感染，应及时进行病原学诊断，以免漏诊和延误治疗。

患儿女，87 d龄，出生后因右侧躯体片状红色斑块伴同侧肢体畸形于2012年1月就诊。皮肤科检查：右下腹、右臀部、右侧会阴部、右腿及右足部见明显红色斑块，表面附着黄色鳞屑，边界清楚，无明显渗出及异味；右下颌、右颈部、右腋下及右手第1~4指指背见淡黄色疣状增生；右足第2、3、4趾只有1个趾间关节且甲板缺如。右足X线片显示右足畸形及骨质缺损。诊断：CHILD综合征。患儿间断口服阿维A胶囊，外用凡士林、他卡西醇软膏、弱效糖皮质激素软膏6年余，用药时皮损可缓解，停药易反复，后改外用辛伐他汀软膏2年。皮损随年龄增长等比例增大，患肢较健侧肢体生长速度稍快。至2020年1月患儿右下颌、右颈部及右手第1~4指皮损消退，右手第5指出现新发带状疣状增生性斑块，右小腿皮损较前稍好转；无其他系统受累表现。