Objective:Colorectal cancer(CRC),a prevalent malignancy worldwide,has prompted extensive research into anticanccr drugs.Traditional Chinese medicinal materials offer promising avenues for cancer management due to their diverse pharmacological activities.This study investigated the effects of Notopterygium incisum,a traditional Chinese medicine named Qianghuo(QH),on CRC cells and the underlying mechanism.Methods:The sulforhodamine B assay and colony formation assay were employed to assess the effect of QH extract on the proliferation of CRC cell lines HCT116 and Caco-2.Propidium iodide(PI)staining was utilized to detect cell cycle progression,and PE Annexin V staining to detect apoptosis.Western blotting was conducted to examine the levels of apoptotic proteins,including B-cell lymphoma 2-interacting mediator of cell death(BIM),B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2-associated X protein(BAX)and cleaved caspase-3,as well as BIM stability after treatment with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide.The expression of BAX was suppressed using lentivirus-mediated shRNA to validate the involvement of the BIM/BAX axis in QH-induced apoptosis.The in vivo effects of QH extract on tumor growth were observed using a xenograft model.Lastly,APCMin+mice were used to study the effects of QH extract on primary intestinal tumors.Results:QH extract exhibited significant in vitro anti-CRC activities evidenced by the inhibition of cell proliferation,perturbation of cell cycle progression,and induction of apoptosis.Mechanistically,QH extract significantly increased the stability of BIM proteins,which undergo rapid degradation under unstressed conditions.Knockdown of BAX,the downstream effector of BIM,significantly rescued QH-induced apoptosis.Furthermore,the in vitro effect of QH extract was recapitulated in vivo.QH extract significantly inhibited the tumor growth of HCT116 xenografts in nude mice and decreased the number of intestinal polyps in the APCMin+mice.Conclusion:QH extract promotes the apoptosis of CRC cells by preventing the degradation of BIM.

目的:探究汉黄芩素调节Hippo/Yes相关蛋白(YAP)信号通路对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)大鼠心肌纤维化的影响.方法:采用腹腔注射阿霉素的方式构建大鼠CHF模型,成功造模36只大鼠,将其随机分为模型组、汉黄芩素组(汉黄芩素100 mg/kg)、汉黄芩素+维替泊芬组(100 mg/kg汉黄芩素+100 mg/kg维替泊芬),每组12只.剩余12只大鼠作为对照组.采用彩色多普勒超声系统检测各组大鼠心功能参数:左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD);称重并计算各组大鼠心脏质量指数(HMI)和左心室质量指数(LVMI);酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测心肌组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平;Masson染色法检测大鼠心肌胶原容积分数(CVF)和血管周围纤维面积和血管管腔面积比值(PVCA/LA);苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察大鼠心肌组织病理学变化;蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blot)法检测大鼠心肌组织Hippo/YAP信号通路相关蛋白、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2、MMP-9、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)表达.结果:与对照组相比,模型组大鼠LVEF、LVFS、心肌组织SOD水平及哺乳动物ste-20样激酶(MST)1/2、大型肿瘤抑制因子(LATS)1/2磷酸化水平明显降低(P＜0.05),LVEDD、LVESD、HMI、LVMI、心肌组织MDA水平、CVF、PVCA/LA、心肌组织YAP、MMP-2、MMP-9、CTGF蛋白表达明 显升高(P＜0.05),心肌组织出现大量胶原纤维沉积和损伤.与模型组相比,汉黄芩素组LVEF、LVFS、心肌组织SOD水平、MST1/2、LATS1/2磷酸化水平明显升高(P＜0.05),LVEDD、LVESD、HMI、LVMI、心肌组织 MDA 水平、CVF、PVCA/LA、心肌组织 YAP、MMP-2、MMP-9、CTGF 蛋白表达明显降低(P＜0.05),心肌组织胶原纤维沉积和损伤减少.维替泊芬增强了汉黄芩素对CHF大鼠心肌纤维化的改善作用.结论:汉黄芩素可能通过激活Hippo/YAP信号通路、抑制YAP表达来减轻CHF大鼠心肌纤维化.

癌症作为严重威胁生命的疾病之一,是人类第二大死因.目前治疗癌症的主要手段为手术、化疗和放疗等,均需要配合使用抗肿瘤药物,然而肿瘤细胞会对抗癌药物产生耐药性,从而使药物的治疗效果达不到理想状态.耐药性作为造成临床化疗失败的主要原因,一直以来受到广泛关注.因此,本研究综述了肿瘤多种耐药机制,包括肿瘤微环境、病毒因素、细胞物质转运、药物代谢酶等,以期为抗肿瘤药物的研发及癌症耐药性的研究提供参考.可以推测未来肿瘤的治疗方案将包括使用不同类型的药物,针对多药耐药性特定机制的特定弱点等联合疗法.通过逆转癌细胞耐药性的新药将提高化疗的效率,为目前无法治愈的肿瘤患者提供机会.

目的:探讨CT肺血管定量指标与慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者气道免疫炎性反应的关系及其预测预后的价值.方法:回顾性选取96例AECOPD患者,根据入院30 d的预后,分为死亡组17例与生存组79例.比较2组患者CT肺血管定量指标[主肺动脉直径(mPAD)、左肺动脉直径(LPAD)、右肺动脉直径(RPAD)、升主动脉直径(AAD)、矢状位、冠状位、轴位斜mPAD、主肺动脉与升主动脉直径比(rPA)]和气道免疫炎性指标[肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-8、干扰素(IFN-γ)、IL-4],分析CT肺血管定量指标与气道免疫炎性指标的相关性及这2类指标与AECOPD患者预后的关系,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,评价CT肺血管定量指标、气道免疫炎性指标及2类联合对AECOPD患者预后的预测价值.结果:死亡组患者mPAD、轴位斜、冠状位、矢状位mPAD、RPAD、LPAD、AAD、rPA、TNF-α、IL-8、IL-4 水平高于生存组,IFN-γ 水平低于生存组(P均＜0.05);AECOPD 患者mPAD、轴位斜、冠状位、矢状位mPAD、RPAD、LPAD、AAD、rPA与TNF-α、IL-8、IL-4水平呈正相关,与IFN-γ水平呈负相关(P均＜0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,mPAD、轴位斜、冠状位、矢状位mPAD、RPAD、LPAD、AAD、rPA、TNF-α、IL-8、IL-4、IFN-γ水平均为AECOPD患者预后独立影响因素(P均＜0.05);ROC曲线显示,联合2类指标预测AECOPD患者预后的曲线下面积为0.892;联合检测预后不佳患者的30 d生存率更低(P＜0.05).结论:AECOPD患者CT肺血管定量指标与气道免疫炎性反应密切相关,且联合检测对患者预后有预测价值.

目的:探讨青风藤活性成分对糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)db/db小鼠肾脏的保护作用及其机制研究.方法:30 只 6 周龄雄性db/db小鼠随机分为模型组(等体积生理盐水),阳性组(195 mg/kg/d羟苯磺酸钙),盐酸青藤碱(Sinomenine Hydrochloride,SH)低、中、高剂量组(31.2、62.4、124.8 mg/kg/d SH)5 组,同时选取 6 只同周龄db/m小鼠设为对照组(等体积生理盐水),每日 1 次,定时灌胃给药,连续 6w.于 12w末观察各组小鼠一般情况,检测尿微量白蛋白(mAlb)、血肌酐(SCr)和血尿素氮(BUN)水平;试剂盒检测肾组织匀浆中丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的水平;Luminex多因子检测技术测定血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)的含量;ELISA法检测血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)及补体蛋白3(C3)的水平;苏木精-伊红(HE)和过碘酸-雪夫(PAS)染色观察肾脏组织病理形态变化;透射电镜观察肾脏超微结构的改变.结果:与模型组比较,阳性组和SH低、中、高剂量组小鼠mAlb、SCr和BUN水平均降低(P＜0.05);肾组织匀浆中MDA水平降低(P＜0.05),GSH水平和SOD活性均升高(P＜0.05);血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IgG、IgM、IgA和补体C3 水平均降低(P＜0.05),IL-10 水平升高(P＜0.05);镜下肾小球损伤及肾小管上皮水肿情况均有所改善,肾组织损伤减轻.结论:青风藤活性成分对DM db/db小鼠的肾脏具有保护作用,其作用机制可能与改善氧化应激反应,缓解炎症反应及提高免疫功能有关.

目的:通过回顾性研究观察不稳定型心绞痛围术期应用调脾护心法治疗的临床疗效,运用数据挖掘、网络药理学分析用药规律及作用机制.方法:选取2020年9月—2022年9月安徽中医药大学第一附属医院收治的不稳定型心绞痛围术期病人400例,分为中药组(372例)和非中药组(28例),非中药组采用西医常规治疗,中药组在非中药组基础上加用调脾护心法中药汤剂治疗,手术前后均每天服用2次,每次200 mL.比较两组中医证候积分和心绞痛症状改善情况;运用数据挖掘总结中药组处方用药规律,网络药理学分析核心处方作用靶点.结果:治疗后,中药组中医证候积分低于非中药组(P＜0.05),心绞痛症状疗效优于非中药组(P＜0.05).数据挖掘共筛选出调脾护心法医案372例,核心药物83味,药性以温热为主,温性药物最多,药味酸、苦、甘为主,共占73.40％;聚类分析发现以"白术、陈皮、茯苓、广木香、蒲公英、酸枣仁、炙甘草、炙远志"为核心处方;网络药理学分析:生物利用度(OB)≥30％、类药性(DL)≥0.18核心中药成分185个;对19个交集基因进行基因本体(GO)分析,发现在细胞组分方面主要与胞质部分、细胞外围、质膜、内膜系统等相关;在分子功能方面与酶结合、信号受体结合等密切联系;在生物学过程方面主要与细胞对化学刺激的反应、定位调控等有关;京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)发现其与晚期糖基化终产物及其受体(AGE-RAGE)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)信号通路、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)信号通路等密切相关.结论:在常规治疗基础上,运用调脾护心法干预不稳定型心绞痛围术期病人可以提高临床疗效,处方核心药物是白术、陈皮、茯苓、广木香、蒲公英、酸枣仁、炙甘草、炙远志,其作用机制可能与AGE-RAGE、MAPK、IL-17、TNF信号通路相关.

目的:探讨乳腺癌(BC)患者血清中可溶性B7同源体3(sB7-H3)、三叶因子1(TFF1)、脂质运载蛋白2(LCN-2)的水平对疾病诊断的临床价值.方法:选取黄河三门峡医院2020年3月-2023年3月收治的196例BC初诊患者作为研究对象,设为BC组;同期84例乳腺良性病变患者和行76例体格检查健康者分别作为良性病变组和对照组;同时收集临床资料.采用ELISA法检测各组血清sB7-H3、TFF1、LCN-2水平,并分析其与BC患者临床病理特征的关系;Spearman法分析影响BC患者血清sB7-H3、TFF1、LCN-2水平与临床病理特征的相关性;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清sB7-H3、TFF1、LCN-2水平对BC的诊断价值.结果:与对照组相比,良性病变组、BC组血清sB7-H3、TFF1、LCN-2水平明显升高(P＜0.05),且BC组血清sB7-H3、TFF1、LCN-2水平明显高于良性病变组(P＜0.05);肿瘤直径＞2 cm、TNM分期为Ⅲ/Ⅳ期、淋巴结转移和ER表达为阴性的BC患者血清sB7-H3、TFF1、LCN-2水平明显升高(P＜0.05),且血清 sB7-H3、TFF1、LCN-2 水平与肿瘤直径(r=0.463、0.442、0.481,P＜0.001)、TNM分期(r=0.474、0.394、0.562,P＜0.001)及淋巴结转移呈正相关(r=0.567、0.488、0.409,P＜0.001),与 ER表达呈负相关(r=-0.575、-0.534、-0.538,P＜0.001);血 清 sB7-H3、TFF1、LCN-2 单独诊断 BC 的 AUC分别为0.817、0.814、0.830,联合诊断效果优于单独诊断(AUC=0.911,95％C/=0.871～0.942).结论:BC患者血清中sB7-H3、TFF1、LCN-2水平明显升高,三者联合诊断BC的临床价值较高.

Objective:To determine the factors that contribute to the survival of elderly individuals diagnosed with brain glioma and develop a prognostic nomogram.Methods:Data from elderly individuals(age ≥65 years)histologically diagnosed with brain glioma were sourced from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database.The dataset was randomly divided into a training cohort and an internal validation cohort at a 6:4 ratio.Additionally,data obtained from Tangdu Hospital constituted an external validation cohort for the study.The identification of independent prognostic factors was achieved through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)and multivariate Cox regression analysis,enabling the construction of a nomogram.Model performance was evaluated using C-index,ROC curves,calibration plot and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results:A cohort of 20 483 elderly glioma patients was selected from the SEER database.Five prognostic factors(age,marital status,histological type,stage,and treatment)were found to significantly impact overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS),with tumor location emerging as a sixth variable independently linked to CSS.Subsequently,nomogram models were developed to predict the probabilities of survival at 6,12,and 24 months.The assessment findings from the validation queue indicate a that the model exhibited strong performance.Conclusion:Our nomograms serve as valuable prognostic tools for assessing the survival probability of elderly glioma patients.They can potentially assist in risk stratification and clinical decision-making.

目的 探讨白术内酯I(Atractylenolide I,AT-I)对白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)诱导的关节软骨细胞炎性损伤的影响.方法 人关节软骨细胞来自武汉普诺赛生命科技有限公司.实验分 6 组:对照组(未处理)、模型组(10 ng/mL IL-1β)、AT-I-L组(25 μmol/L)、AT-I-M组(50 μmol/L)、AT-I-H组(100 μmol/L)、AT-I-H+740 Y-P组[100 μmol/L AT-I与50 μg/mL 740 Y-P磷脂酰肌醇 3-激酶(PI3K)激活剂].CCK-8法和流式细胞术分别测定增殖及凋亡;ELISA法测定上清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平;Western blot检测PI3K/蛋白激酶B(AKT)/核因子-κB(NF-κB)相关蛋白表达.结果 与对照组相比,模型组OD450 值(24、48 h)降低(P＜0.05),TNF-α、IL-6 表达、凋亡率、PI3K/AKT/NF-κB蛋白表达均升高(P＜0.05).与模型组对比,AT-I-L组OD450 值(24、48 h)、TNF-α、IL-6 表达、凋亡率、PI3K/AKT/NF-κB通路蛋白表达差异不显著(P＞0.05),AT-I-M组、AT-I-H组OD450 值(24 h、48 h)升高(P＜0.05),TNF-α、IL-6 表达、细胞凋亡率、PI3K/AKT/NF-κB通路蛋白表达均降低(P＜0.05).与AT-I-H组对比,AT-I-H+740 Y-P组OD450 值(24、48 h)降低(P＜0.05),TNF-α、IL-6 表达、凋亡率、PI3K/AKT/NF-κB通路蛋白表达均升高(P＜0.05).结论 白术内酯Ⅰ改善IL-1β诱导的关节软骨细胞炎性损伤,其可能机制是促进软骨细胞增殖并抑制炎症反应、细胞凋亡和PI3K/AKT/NF-κB通路实现.

Objective:Lindqvist-type polyoxometalates(POMs)exhibit potential antitumor activities.This study aimed to examine the effects of Lindqvist-type POMs against breast cancer and the underlying mechanism.Methods:Using different cancer cell lines,the present study evaluated the antitumor activities of POM analogues that were modified at the body skeleton based on molybdenum-vanadium-centered negative oxygen ion polycondensations with different side strains.Cell colony formation assay,autophagy detection,mitochondrial observation,qRT-PCR,Western blotting,and animal model were used to evaluate the antitumor activities of POMs against breast cancer cells and the related mechanism.Results:MO-4,a Lindqvist-type POM linking a proline at its side strain,was selected for subsequent experiments due to its low half maximal inhibitory concentration in the inhibition of proliferation of breast cancer cells.It was found that MO-4 induced the apoptosis of multiple types of breast cancer cells.Mechanistically,MO-4 activated intracellular mitophagy by elevating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels and resulting in apoptosis.In vivo,breast tumor growth and distant metastasis were significantly reduced following MO-4 treatment.Conclusion:Collectively,the results of the present study demonstrated that the novel Lindqvist-type POM MO-4 may exhibit potential in the treatment of breast cancer.